Subject: Integrated course of teaching foreign languages Student: Saydullayev Abdulbori Group:407 Teacher: Abdumalikov.F Choosing methods for different age groups ALLPPT.com _ Free PowerPoint Templates, Diagrams and Charts
There is a large number of methods used in teaching different age group. According to academic research, linguists have demonstrated that there is not one single best method for everyone in all contexts, and that no one teaching method is inherently superior to the others.
Also, it is not always possible – or appropriate – to apply the same methodology to all learners, who have different ages, objectives, environments and learning needs.
1. Direct way.
In this method the teaching is done entirely in the target language. The learner is not allowed to use his or her mother tongue. Grammar rules are avoided and there is emphasis on good pronunciation
Learning is largely by translation to and from the target language. Grammar rules are to be memorized and long lists of vocabulary learned by heart. There is little or no emphasis placed on developing oral ability.
This method focuses on reading and writing and has developed techniques which facilitate more or less the learning of reading and writing only. As a result, speaking and listening are overlooked
3. Audio-lingual method
The theory behind this method is that learning a language means acquiring habits. There is much practice of dialogues of every situations. New language is first heard and extensively drilled before being seen in its written form.
Drills and pattern practice are typical (Richards, J.C. et-al. 1986):
Repetition: the student repeats an utterance as soon as he hears it.
Inflection: one word in a sentence appears in another form when repeated.
Replacement: one word is replaced by another.
Restatement: the student rephrases an utterance.
Examples
Inflection: Teacher: I ate the sandwich. Student: I ate the sandwiches. Replacement: Teacher: He bought the car for half-price. Student: He bought it for half-price. Restatement: Teacher: Tell me not to smoke so often. Student: Don't smoke so often!
4. Total Physical Response (TPR)
TPR works by having the learner respond to simple commands such as "Stand up", "Close your book", "Go to the window and open it." The method stresses the importance of aural comprehension
TPR can be used to teach and practise many things.
Vocabulary connected with actions (smile, chop, headache, wriggle)
Tenses past/present/future and continuous aspects (Every morning I clean my teeth, I make my bed, I eat breakfast)
Classroom language
(Open your books)
Imperatives/Instructions
(Stand up, close your eyes)
Storytelling
5. The Silent way
-This is so called because the aim of the teacher is to say as little as possible in order that the learner can be in control of what he wants to say. No use is made of the mother tongue
-As the name implies, silence is a key tool of the teacher in the Silent WayFrom the beginning levels, students do 90 percent or more of the talking
-Being silent moves the focus of the classroom from the teacher to the students,[]and can encourage cooperation among them.
