Key definitions Bacteria – a big collection of single-cell microbes. Some cause illnesses and diseases in both people and
animals
Archaea – Typically single-celled, prokaryotic creatures of the Archaea domain, which includes methanogens,
and those that live in severe settings (such as acidic hot springs, hypersaline lakes, and deep-sea hydrothermal
vents) and get their energy from a variety of sources (such as carbon dioxide, acetate, ammonia, sulfur, or
sunlight)
Prokaryotes – any of the generally unicellular microorganisms that are categorized as a kingdom (Prokaryotae
Monera) or into two domains but lack a defined nucleus and membrane-bound organelles (Bacteria and
Archaea)
E
ukaryotes – either of the higher taxonomic groups (Eukaryota) or the domain (Eukarya) above the kingdom
that comprises organisms made up of one or more cells with clearly visible nuclei and organelles
Nucleoid – the area of a prokaryotic cell that contains DNA (such as a bacterium)
Nucleus – a cellular organelle of eukaryotes that is contained within a distinct membrane and is vital to cell
processes (such as protein synthesis and reproduction). It is made up of nucleoplasm and a nucleoprotein-rich
network from which chromosomes and nucleoli emerge
Rough endoplasmic reticulum – ribosome-filled endoplasmic reticulum
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum – a part of the endoplasmic reticulum that has a tubular shape but no
ribosomes
Inner – set back from the front
Apparent - viewable in full
2.2 VIDEO RESOURCES Video #1: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Khan Academy:
https://youtu.be/xTnNv7YplSo
Video #2: Cell membrane Khan Academy
: https://youtu.be/QpcACa39YtA
