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Microfossils
–
a tiny fossil that, in most cases, can only be examined under a microscope and that could either
represent a full tiny organism or a piece of a bigger organism
Stromatolites
–
a sedimentary fossil that is laminated and typically mounded and is made of layers of
cyanobacteria, calcium carbonate, and trapped sediment
Heterotrophs
–
requiring complicated organic nitrogen-carbon molecules for metabolic synthesis (such as
those derived from plant or animal materials)
Exercise 1
: Define the words and make up sentences with the words.
Fossil Record
Evolution
Geological Record
Molecular
Mutation
Recombination
Hierarchy
Scheme for Classification
Theory
Biological Selection
Adaptation
Evidence
Inference
Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animal Kingdom
Virus
Fungi
Plant
Animal
Exercise 2:
Work with a partner. Look at the picture (Figure 55) and describe it and answer the question.
Earth in 24 hours
The length of time that has passed since Earth's formation and the emergence of life on its surface is difficult
to comprehend. To understand Earth's history as a 24-hour day may be helpful. Humans would not have
surfaced until the very last second of that day. How can we know about the enormous amount of time that
came before us if we are such recent arrivals on Earth? How did we discover so much about the ancient past?
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