European Journal of Social Sciences Studies issn 2501-8590

 
3.3 Regarding human morality 
On the basis of clarifying the nature and inherent character of human beings, thinkers of 
Chinese philosophy have put forward their views on humanism. Human morality in 
Buddhism advises people to cultivate in order to get rid of sufferings in the world, to live 
“
compassionately, to save suffering, to rescue
” to reach Nirvana. Confucianism believes that 
the religion of being a person expresses the relationship between the individual and 
his/her family, society, country, race, superiority, etc. Confucian thinkers all uphold the 
ii
Nguyen Dang Tien (2007), “Eastern philosophy on humans and development”, Journal of Human Studies 
No. 3 (30) 2007, p. 20. 
iii
Nguyen Dang Tien (2007), “Eastern philosophy on humans and development”, Journal of Human 
Studies 
No. 3 (30) 2007, p. 21.

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 Le Anh Dung 
THE PERSPECTIVE ON HUMANS IN EASTERN PHILOSOPHY
European Journal of Social Sciences Studies - Volume 6 
│
 Issue 5 
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 2021 134 
doctrine of Confucius' “Rectification of Names” to protect feudal hierarchy and order. 
They uphold the theory of the three fundamental bonds and five constant virtues, 
promote humans to cultivate humanity and righteousness. In addition, Taoism 
advocated building the human morality accord
ing to the point of view of “Wu
-
wei” 
(nondual action), living in harmony with nature, not caring about fame and profit in 
human-to-human relations. 
 
4. People's attitude towards the country's socio-political situation 
 
From clarifying issues related to people such as nature, human inherent character and 
human morality, Chinese philosophy moves on to discuss people's attitudes towards 
politics and society. This is, after all, the central part of all philosophical doctrines on man. 
People's attitude towards the country's socio-political situation is aimed at the 
incarnation spirit of human beings. It plays a decisive role in what people need to do to 
make their mark in the general development of society. Consciousnesses of Confucian, 
Buddhist, and Taoist ideology also have different views on this issue. student, not the 
teacher, is the central figure in the school. Confucianism advocates that people incarnate, 
attach themselves to society by giving the model of a perfect gentleman who must know 
“
cultivate oneself, put the family in order, govern the nation, bring peace to the world
”. Therefore, 
people need to study hard to succeed, become an official to help the king and save lives. 
If you succeed, you will become an official, if you are not successful, you will hide or 
bring the learned knowledge and pass it on to your students. This is a positive view, 
promoting human's training ability, capacity and behavior, and upholding human's 
sense, responsibility and mission for the development of the country.
Contrary to the view of Confucianism, Buddhism advocates to avoid life, advises 
people to stay away from life to become a monk to find a life of nothingness. Seeing life 
as a temporary realm has made people have negative thoughts, cynicism, avoidance, 
indifference and irresponsibility to the times. Also, with the policy of being out of the 
world, Taoism offers the point of view of “wu
-
wei” (no
-action). Criticizing the Confucian 
viewpoint of fame and benefit, the viewpoint of “wu
-
wei” causes people to ha
ve two 
attitudes towards socio-political issues. It is a noble life attitude, deeply studying and 
practicing the religion, not caring about fame and benefit, money, not being greedy for 
fame and wealth, but consequently, it gives rise to a negative, boring, irresponsible 
attitude of the people to society.