UNIT 7, EXTRACT 2 LECTURER
Today, in our series of lectures on human
language, we are going to be looking at the
way in which children acquire language. The
study of how people learn to speak has proved
to be one of the most
fascinating, important and complex branches of language study. So
let's look at these three features in turn.
Firstly - why is it fascinating? This stems from
the
natural interest people take in the
developing abilities of young children. People
are
fascinated by the way in which children
learn, particularly their own children!
Secondly, it is
important to study how we
acquire our first language, because the study of
child language can lead us to a greater
understanding of language as a whole. The
third point is that it's a
complex study and this
is because of the enormous difficulties that are
encountered by researchers as soon as they
attempt to explain language development,
especially in the very young child.
In today's lecture we will cover a number of
topics. We will start by talking about
research methods. There are a number of ways that
researchers have investigated children's
language and these include the use of diaries,
recordings and tests, and we'll be looking at
how researchers make use of these various
methods. We will then go on to examine
the language learning process, starting with the
development of speech in young infants during
the first year of life. This is the time associated
with the emergence of the skills of speech
perception, in other words, an emergence of
the child's awareness of his or her own ability to
speak. We will continue with our examination
of
the language learning process, this time by
looking at language learning in the older child,
that is in children under five. As they mature, it
is possible to begin
analysis in conventional
linguistic terms, and so in our
analysis we will
look at phonological, grammatical and
semantic development in pre-school children.
In the second part of the talk I would like to
review some
educational approaches to the
question of how linguistic skills can be
developed. In other words, how can we assist
the young child to learn language skills at
school? Initially we will look at issues that arise
in relation to
spoken language; we will then
look at
reading and review a number of
approaches that have been proposed in relation
to the
teaching of reading. Finally we will
conclude today's talk with an account of
current thinking about the most neglected area
of all, the child's developing
awareness of written language.