Forms of the Gerund Active Voice Passive Voice Simple
Prepositional expressions followed
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- Bu səhifədəki naviqasiya:
- (the end)
- REVISION OF THE GERUND
- Ex. 56.
- (7) ..................
- (14) .........................
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Prepositional expressions followed
by gerunds Verbs followed by gerunds or infinitives It + infinitive or a gerund subject be accused of admit mind
be accustomed to
Prepositional expressions followed by gerunds Verbs followed by gerunds or infinitives It + infinitive or a gerund subject be scared of
be tired of
be worried about
REVISION OF THE GERUND
1. Charlotte Fedder sometimes had quite a hard time. She couldn’t avoid… . 2. When Charlotte and John Fedder were married, she had to tolerate …
3. Moscow is experiencing a building boom. I can prove it by … . 4. I’ll do my best to make the break for the metropolis. Nothing in the world could keep me from … .
5. The advertisement invited young men who wouldn’t mind … 6. It is important that people enjoy their work, and enjoying work means … in the first place. 7. I think it is impossible to arrange a meeting with him now. He is busy … . 8. She was such a naughty, disobedient and spoilt child, I felt almost …
9. Mother jumped to the conclusion that the girl had gone out for the evening without … . 10. As he himself was convinced of the fact, he succeeded in … . 11. There are some reasons why I don’t like being a doctor. For instance, I resent … 12. The only reason I do the job of a GP is for my family as it allows …. 13. Mr. Singleton was giving assistance to the injured passengers in the middle of the road, so he couldn’t avoid …
14. If you take part in this expedition you’ll have to face the challenge of … (. 15. We’ve been at odds for quite a long time but I can’t forget him …
Whatever else Christmas may (1) ...stand for...(stand for), one thing it still means is (2) ......................... (eat). Christmas has traditionally been a time of the year when people have tried (3)......................... (cheer) themselves up during the cold months of winter. Last year more than 10 million turkeys were bought in Britain alone during the festive season (4) ......................... (satisfy) the nation’s appetite. Health experts may continue (5)....................... (complain) about all
this self-indulgence, but they fail (6)......................... (realise) that there is nothing new about celebratory feasting, particularly at this time of year. The Roman Saturnalia, which was supposedly a festival (7) .................. (honour) the god of agriculture, started on 19 December. Among other things, the Saturnalia involved (8)..................... (light) candles and (9) ......................... (give) gifts. People who had spent the whole year (10) ......................... (save) money suddenly became extravagant. In addition to (11) ......................... (exchange) gifts, this time of year was also an occasion for masters and slaves alike (12)......................... (eat) excessively. At one Saturnalia feast an emperor is reported (13)......................... (spend) the equivalent of £600,000 on a dinner for twelve guests which consisted of twenty courses and lasted all day. So, when mealtime comes round on 25 December, there’s no point in (14) ......................... (have) a guilty conscience. In fact the occasional seasonal feast may promote good health and stop year-round (15)............. (overeat).
difficulty; prevent/object to/ mind; apologize; not to be very keen on; it’s no use/worth; accuse of; prefer to; not to be used to
1. Don’t stay out in the sun too long. … 2.
It was very difficult for me to understand your writing. … 3.
Her father wouldn’t let me speak to her. … 4.
Bill said he was sorry he was late. … 5.
I don’t like playing squash very much. … 6.
You won’t get anywhere if you shout at him. … 7.
“You broke my heart, Mary!” said Anne. … 8.
Chris didn’t play tennis but went swimming instead. … 9.
She doesn’t want to get up early. … 10. He’d rather watch TV than go out to the cinema. ... 11. This is the first time I’ve driven this type of car. …
1. Нет ничего хуже, чем стоять в очереди часами, чтобы посмотреть фильм, а затем обнаружить , что его и смотреть не стоило. Бесполезно жаловаться администратору, и какой смысл кричать на друзей, которые посоветовали его посмотреть. Я думаю, стоит все -таки читать рецензии на фильмы.
2. Искусство приготовления пищи требует использования чеснока. Конечно, не всем людям нравится его есть. Работать рядом с человеком, который ел чеснок, так же неприятно , как рядом с тем, кто курит. Но бесполезно запрещать его употребление, так как есть чеснок явно полезно для здоровья. Люди всегда использовали его для придания особого аромата мясу и добавляли в различные блюда. Поэтому не отрицайте, что едите чеснок , так как это только свидетельствует о том, что вы получаете удовольствие от здорового образа жизни.
Polite, Yes; But Not Soft. I am used to being asked about the role of women in Asian business and wonder what prejudice and obstacles women face in their lives and careers. My family was quite traditional, and my mother taught me much of what I know about effective management. I watched her run our extended household, making decisions about each of our lives. She directed/run a large domestic staff, which was there not for her convenience but rather to enable her to fulfill her duties. Like any good manager, my mother not only had to get the job done, but also had to keep everyone happy and motivated. By example, she taught me to aim for perfection. She also encouraged me to think independently and act cooperatively, a combination of skills I now use every day. As a manger, I face the dilemma that while some of our ablest young recruits are women, they’re still likely to give up working/ to quit when they marry. I encourage our female employees to consider the option of working after marriage. I think a woman tending to a career might be frightened by seeming problems. There is no point in dwelling on any perceived disadvantages. Is facing a sea of male faces in a boardroom more frightening if you are not male? It may be – if the men involved have trouble respecting woman. But there will always be people who try to make themselves feel important at the expense of others /by discriminating against others. In the end /in the long run , being a woman in business is just one of a wide range of interpersonal issues that people face in the workplace. This situation can be overcome if we focus on business issues. Confucian culture is inherently conservative, but even the strongest traditions adapt to changing conditions. I enjoy being part of that development; it’s a constant challenge to keep one’s bearings.
Ex.63. A. Read the article and open the brackets, using different forms of the Gerund (with correct prepositions if necessary), or the Infinitive
What Leaders Really Do They don’t make plans; they don’t solve problems; they don’t even organize people; that’s the managers’ job. What leaders really do is (1-prepare) organizations for change and (2-help) them (3-cope) as they struggle through it. Only organizations that embrace both the managers’ efforts to promote stability as well as those of the leaders to support change can survive in turbulent times. Leadership is different from management, but not for the reasons most people think. Leadership has nothing to do (4-have) a ‘charisma’ or other exotic personality traits. Nor is leadership necessarily better than management or a replacement for it. Rather, both leadership and management are necessary for success in business.
Most corporations today are over-managed and underled. They need (5-develop) their capacity to exercise leadership. Corporations that are aware of this fact don’t simply sit around waiting for leaders (6-come) along. They actively seek out people with leadership potential and expose them to career experiences designed (7- develop) that potential.
But while improving their ability to lead, companies should remember that strong leadership with weak management is no better, and it is sometimes actually worse. The real challenge is (8-combine) strong leadership and strong management and (9-use) each to balance the other.
What are the two abilities about? Management is about (10-cope) with complexity. Without good management, complex enterprises tend to become chaotic in ways that threaten their very existence. Good management brings a degree of order and consistency to key aspects like the quality and profitability of products.
Leadership, by contrast, is about (11-cope) with change. Part of the reason it has become so important in recent years is that the business world has become more competitive and more changeable. The result is that (12-do) what was done yesterday is no longer a formula for success. These two different functions – coping with complexity and coping with change – shape the characteristic activities of management and leadership. Each system of action involves (13-decide) what needs (14-do), creating networks of people and relationships and then trying (15-ensure) that those people actually do the job. Companies manage complexity by planning and budgeting – setting targets for the future, establishing detailed steps (16- achieve) these targets, and then allocating resources (17-accomplish) these plans. By contrast, (18-lead) an organization begins by setting a direction – developing a vision for the future along with strategies (19-produce) the changes needed (20- achieve) that vision.
Management develops the capacity (21-achieve) its plan by creating an organizational structure and set of jobs for accomplishing plan requirements, providing qualified individuals, delegating responsibility for carrying out the plan and developing systems (22-monitor) implementation. The equivalent leadership activity is aligning people, i.e. communicating the new direction to those who can create coalitions that understand the vision.
Finally, for management (23-ensure) plan accomplishment means (24-monitor) results versus the plan in some detail and then (25-plan and organize) to solve the problems. But for leadership (26-achieve) a vision requires (27-motivate and inspire) – keeping people moving in the right direction, despite major obstacles to change.
B. Now answer the teacher’s questions, using different forms of the Gerund and the Infinitive wherever possible C. Sum up the contents of the article D. Hold a debate “Crisis Management”, using the Gerund and the Infinitive. Use the role cards given by the teacher
Ex.64. A. Read the article and open the brackets, using different forms of the Gerund (with correct prepositions if necessary), or the Infinitive
“My Dad just doesn’t understand. He started (1-work) in a steel mill when he was 15. Things are different now., but he thinks I should start (2-bring) home some money. Oh, I get my unemployment benefit, but that isn’t much and I’m fed up (3- queue) for it every Thursday. I hate (4-have) (5-ask) my Mum and Dad for money. Oh, My Mum gives me a couple of pounds for tights now and then, but she can’t stand (6-see) me at home all day. I know she hates me (7-be) hard up all the time and I hate (8-look upon) with either scorn or pity. I’ve almost given up (9-look for) a job. I buy the local paper every day but I’m really tired (10-look through) the “Situations Vacant” column. There are 50 applicants for every job. I was interested (11-be) a dentist’s receptionist because I like (12-meet) people, but now I’d take any job at all. People ask me why I don’t move to London, but I don’t want (13-leave) my family and friends. Anyway, I’m afraid (14-leave) because I’m scared (15-live) on my own in a big city.”
George Morley is 54. Until last year he was a production manager in the textile industry. He had worked for the same company since he left school. He had a good job, a four-bedroomed house and a company car. When his company had to close because of economic difficulties, he became redundant. “It’s funny really… I don’t feel old, but it isn’t easy to start (16-look for) a job at my age. I’ve had so many refusals. Now I’m frightened (17-apply) for a job. All the interviewers are twenty years younger than me. Some even refuse (18-listen) to me, saying they regret (19-inform) me the vacancy I’ve applied for has been taken. You see, I am interested (20-learn) a new skill, but nobody wants (21-train) me. I can see their point of view… I’ll have to retire in ten years. It’s just, I’m tired (22-sit) around the house. I’ve worked hard for nearly forty years and now I’m terrified (23-have) nothing to do. When I was still with Lancastrian Textiles I remember (24-be bored) (25-do) the same thing day after day, but now I’d really enjoy (26- do) a job again … any job really. It’s not the money … I got good redundancy pay, and the house is paid for … and I’ve given up (27-smoke), no, it’s not just money. I just need (28-feel) useful, that’s all.”
B. Now answer the teacher’s questions, using different forms of the Gerund and the Infinitive wherever possible C. Sum up the contents of the article D. Hold a debate “Reducing unemployment”, using the Gerund and the Infinitive. Use the role cards given by the teacher Yüklə 0,69 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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