G‘apporov M. Ingliz tili grammatikasi

seen in the streets of our town.
Shahrimiz ko‘chalarida ko‘p yangi
chiroyli binolarni ko‘rish mum kin.
TO HAVE FE’LI
1. To have fe’lining Simple Presentda ikkita shakli bor: 3-shaxs bir-
likda has — he (she, it) has va qolganlar uchun have — I (we, you, they)
have.
2. To have fe’li faqat to have dinner, to have a talk kabi birikmalar da
kelganda davom zamonlarda ishlatiladi:
He was having dinner when I ca-
me.
Men kelganimda u ovqatlana yot-
gan edi.
He is having a talk with his father
in the garden.
U bog‘da otasi bilan suhbat-
lashayapti.
3. To have fe’li yordamchi fe’l bo‘lib keladi va o‘tgan zamon sifatdo shi
(Past Partisiple) bilan birga kelib Perfect zamonlarni yasaydi.
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10
Have

Has

+ P. P.
Had 
Shall (will) have 
I have seen the new fi lm.
Men yangi fi lmni ko‘rdim.
I had fi nished my work by fi ve
o’clock.
Men ishimni beshgacha tugatgan
edim.
I shall have translated the article
by ten o’clock.
Men soat o‘ngacha maqolani tar-
jima qilib bo‘laman.
Present Perfect va Past Perfectda quyidagi qisqartirmalar ishla-
tiladi:
I have written = I’ve written; I have not written = I’ve not written = I
haven’t written; He has written = he’s written; he has not written = he’s 
not written = he hasn’t written; I had written = I’d written; I had not writ-
ten = I’d not written = I hadn’t written va hok.
4. To have fe’li bor bo‘lmoq, ega bo‘lmoq ma‘nosida asosiy fe’l bo‘lib
keladi:
I have a good watch.
Mening yaxshi soatim bor.
He had a large library.
Uning katta kutubxonasi bor edi.
We shall soon have a new radio
set.
Bizda yaqinda yangi radiopriyom -
nik bo‘ladi.
5. So‘roq shaklni yasashda Simple Present va Simple Pastda to have 
fe’lining tegishli shakli eganing oldiga o‘tadi:
Have you a good watch?
Yaxshi soatingiz bormi?
Had he a large library?
Uning katta kutubxonasi bor edi -
mi?
Ammo Simple Pastning so‘roq shakli ko‘pincha to do yordamchi fe’li
yordamida ham yasaladi:
Did he have a large library?
Uning katta kutubxonasi bor edi
-
mi?
6. To have fe’lining bo‘lishsiz shakli uning sahkllaridan keyin not
yukla masini qo‘yib qisqartirish orqali yasaladi. Simple Present va Simp-
le Pastda qisqartmalar haven’t, hasn’t, hadn’t bo‘ladi. Ulardan keyin
dona lab sanaladigan birlikdagi ot noaniq artikl bilan, ko‘plikdagi dona-
lab sanaladigan ot va donalab sanalmaydigan ot any olmoshi bilan ish-
latiladi:
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11
I haven’t a watch.

Mening soatim yo‘q.
He hasn’t any books on this sub-
ject.
Unda bu sohada kitoblar yo‘q.
I hadn’t any time to go there.
Mening u yerga borishga vaqtim
yo‘q.
Barcha murakkab shakllarda bo‘lishsizlik not birinchi yordamchi
fe’ldan keyin qo‘yiladi:
I shall not (shan’t) have any time to go there tomorrow.
I have not (haven’t) had any time to go there today.
Bo‘lishsiz gaplar no olmoshi yordamida ham yasalishi mumkin. Bun-
da no otdan oldin qo‘yiladi va otning oldida artikl ham, any olmoshi
ham qo‘yilmaydi:
I have no watch.
He has no books on this subject.
I had no time to go there.