position, and then trying to predict what the
other person would do. Thus
success on false belief tasks can be explained by children trying to imagine
what they would do if they were a character in the stories, rather than children
being able to appreciate the
beliefs of other people. Such thinking about
situations that do not exist involves what is termed
counterfactual reasoning.
I. A different explanation has been put forward by Harris. He proposed that
children use
"simulation”. This involves putting yourself in the other person’s position, and then trying to predict what
the other person would do. Thus, success on false belief tasks can be explained by children trying to imagine
what they would do if they were a character in the stories, rather than children being able to appreciate the
beliefs of other people. Such thinking about situations that do not exist involves what is termed
counterfactual reasoning.
Questions 1-6 Complete the summary below. Choose NO MORE THAN ONE WORD from the passage for each answer. In 1980s, research studies were designed to test the subject called Theory of Mind that if children
have the ability to represent the reality. First experiments were carried out on this subject on a boy. And
questions had been made on where the boy can find the location of the
1 …………….. . But it was accused
that it had excessive
2 …………….. . So second modified experiment was can ducted involving two dolls,
and most children passedthe test at the age of
3 …………….. . Then Lewis and Dunn researched
