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Tough Sensor Can Take the Heat A. A new gas sensor made from a nickel's worth of materials can endure high temperatures,
corrosion, vibrations, and exposure to water, according to its inventors at Argonne National Laboratory in
Illinois. The tiny sensor detects a variety of gases.
B. Conventional silicon sensors do not work well at temperatures above 150°F. But Argonne's new
sensor, made of ceramics and metals, is not affected by high temperatures. "The materials in this sensor
behave well through a wide range of temperatures," says Michael Vogt, a control systems engineer at
Argonne.
C. Vogt and his colleagues made the sensor by film screening layers of ceramic and metal on a
ceramic substrate, then firing the sensor in an industrial oven at more than 1,000°C. The Argonne
researchers set out to build a sensor that would detect overheating computer components. Before an
overheating component fails, and possibly ignites, epoxy in the circuit boards release a gas. The Argonne
sensor can detect this vapour and cut off power to the circuit.
D. The device senses gases by applying a steadily increasing voltage across its electrical leads and
monitoring current spikes induced as gases react on the sensor's surface. Each gas reacts at a characteristic
voltage, and the size of the current spike indicates the "signature" of several representative organic solvents.
E. The sensor could be used to monitor hydrocarbon emissions from cars; today's typical sensors can
only measure oxygen. The sensor could also monitor gases in industrial chemical processes.
Questions 1-4 The passage contains five paragraphs,
