There are 2 types of scientists in approaching to translatability.
According to the first group of scientists it is impossible to do a translation from one language into another, because there is national coloring in every language, it is impossible to transfer it to another language.
The target text is not fully identical with ST as to its form or content
The target text is not fully identical with ST as to its form or content
According to the second group of scientists
it is possible to do a translation from one language into another (Л. С. Бархударов, А. Д. Швейцер, J. C. Catford, В. Н. Комиссаров, Р. К. Миньяр-Белоручев, А. В Федеров, Фитерман, Левицкая).
Units of translation
1. Phoneme
2. Morpheme
3. Lexeme
4. Syntaxema
5. Phraseme
6. Textsema
Translation is given through phonemes
President-президент
Footbal-футбол
Basketball-баскетбол
Translation is given through morpheme
Уйсиз -homeless
Бахтсиз- unhappy
Beatiful-Чиройли
Driver-Хайдовчи
Translation is given through lexemes
1. boy-бола
2. toy-уйнчок
3. food-овкат
4. book-китоб
5. idea-фикр
THE MAIN TYPES OF TRANSLATION.
Literary and Informative,
oral (consecutive, synchronic) and written translations
V.N. Komissarov’s classification:
Genre-classificational (literary and informative) and psycholinguistic
(oral and written);
K.Musaev’s classification:
According to a form (oral and written) and according to meaning (literary and informative)
Literary translation
deals with literary texts, i.e. works of fiction or poetry whose main function is to make an emotional or aesthetic impression upon the reader
Informative translation
the main purpose of which is to convey a certain amount of ideas, to inform the reader.
In written translation the original can be read and re-read as many times as the translator may need or like.
There are two main kinds of oral translation — consecutive and simultaneous.
In consecutive translation
the translating starts after the original speech or some part of it has been completed.
In simultaneous interpretationthe interpreter is supposed to be able to give his translation while the speaker is uttering the original message. This can be achieved with a special radio or telephone-type equipment.