Working body
|
Wavelength
|
Pumping source
|
Application
|
Ruby laser
|
694.3 nm
|
Pulse lamp
|
Holography, removal of tattoos. First introduced type of lasers (1960).
|
Aluminum-yttrium lasers with neodymium doping (Nd: YAG)
|
1,064 μm, (1,32 μm)
|
Pulsed lamp, laser diode
|
Material processing, laser far-number, laser target design, surgery, scientific research, pumping other lasers. One of the most wide-spread lasers of high power. Usually it works in a pulsed mode (nanoseconds).
|
Yttrium-lithium fluoride with neodymium doping (Nd: YLF)
|
1,047 and 1,053 microns
|
Pulsed lamp, laser diode
|
The most part is used for the rolling of titanium-sapphire lasers using the frequency doubling effect in nonlinear optics.
|
Laser on yttrium vanadate (YVO4) with neodymium doping (Nd: YVO)
|
1,064 μm
|
Laser diodes
|
The most part is used for pumping titanium-sapphire lasers, using the effect of doubling the frequency in nonlinear optics.
|
Neodymium glass laser (Nd: Glass)
|
~ 1.062 μm (Silicate glasses), ~ 1.055 μm (Phosphate glasses)
|
Pulsed lamp,
|
Lasers of extra-high power (terawatt) and energy (megajoules). Usually they work in the non-linear mode of setting the frequency from 351 nm in devices of laser melting.
|
Titanium-sapphire laser
|
650–1100 nm
|
Another laser
|
Spectroscopy, la-laser rangefinders, scientific research.
|
Aluminum-yttrium lasers with tulium doping (Tm: YAG)
|
2,0 mkm
|
laser diode
|
Laser radar
|
Aluminum-yttrium lasers with ytterbium doping (Yb: YAG)
|
1,03 mkm
|
Pulsed lamp, laser diode
|
Material processing, research of ultrashort pulses, multiphoton microscopy, laser range measures.
|
Aluminum-yttrium lasers with holmium doping (Ho: YAG)
|
2,1 mkm
|
laser diode
|
Medicine
|
Cerium-doped lithium-strontium (or calcium) -aluminium-fluoride laser (Ce: LiSAF, Ce: LiCAF)
|
~280–316 nm
|
Nd: YAG laser with a quadruple frequency, an excimer laser, a mercury vapor laser.
|
Atmospheric research, laser long-range measures, scientific developments.
|
Alexandrite laser with chromium alloying
|
Configurable in the range from 700 to 820 nm
|
Pulsed lamp, Laser diodes. For an uninterrupted system, an arc mercury lamp
|
Dermatology, laser long-range measures.
|
Fiber optic laser with erbium doping
|
1,53–1,56 mkm
|
laser diode
|
Optical amplifiers in the fiber-optic communication lines.
|
Лазеры на фториде кальция, легированном ураном (U:CaF2)
|
2,5 mkm
|
Pulsed lamp
|
The first 4-level solid-state laser, the second working type of laser (after the ruby-new Maymans laser), was cooled by liquid helium, it is not used today.
|
