M L. G a d o y e V a, K. H. Sayitova I n g L i z ti LI

ph h arf birikmasi [f] deb o ‘qiladi. 
photo, physical, phylosophy, phone.
wh h arf birikmasi о harfi oldidan [h] deb, qolgan 
holatlarda [w] deb o ‘qiladi.
/ [h] who, whom, whose
wh ^
[w] what, when, where, which
gh h arf birikmasi ko‘p hollarda o ‘qilmaydi,
i+gh - high, sigh, 
i+ght - night, right, fight
B a’zi bir hollarda [f] tovushini beradi.
enough, laugh, rough
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wr harf birikmasi [r] deb o ‘qiladi.
write, wrote, wrist, wry.
kn h arf birikmasi [n] deb o ‘qiladi.
know, knee, knew.
SIFAT D A RA JA LA RI 
(D EG R EES O F A D JE C T IV ES)
as...as, not so...as iboralarining qiyoslash maqsadida
ishlatilishi
Predmetdagi bir xil belgini miqdoriga k o ‘ra nisbatlab 
yoki ish harakatdagi holatni o ‘zaro bir-biridan farqlash 
hodisasi sifat va ravish darajalari deyiladi.
Ingliz tilida ham sifat o ‘zbek tilidagidek quyidagi uch 
darajaga ega.
1) oddiy daraja - positive degree
2) qiyosiy daraja - comperative degree
3) orttirma daraja - superlative degree
Bir b o ‘g ‘inli sifatlaming qiyosiy darajasi oddiy 
darajadagi sifatga -er q o ‘shimchasini qo‘shish orqali 
yasaladi.
Bu q o ‘shimcha o ‘zbek tilidagi -roq qo ‘shimchasiga 
to‘g‘ri keladi.
short - shorter = qisqa - qisqaroq
late - later = kech - kechroq
Bir bo ‘g‘inli sifatlaming orttirma darajasi oddiy 
darajadagi sifatga -est qo‘shimchasini qo ‘shish orqali 
yasaladi.
Bu qo ‘shimcha o‘zbek tilida sifat oldida keladigan 
eng, juda
so‘zlariga mos keladi.
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short - shorter - the shortest 
qisqa - qisqaroq - eng qisqa 
late - later - the latest 
kech - kechroq - eng kech
K o‘p b o ‘g ‘inli sifatlaming qiyosiy darajasi oddiy 
darajadagi sifat oldiga more so‘zini qo‘yish orqali 
yasaladi.
important - more important 
muhim - muhimroq 
interesting - more interesting 
qiziqarli - qiziqarliroq
K o‘p bo ‘g‘inli sifatlaming orttirma darajasi oddiy 
darajadagi sifat oldiga the most so‘zini qo ‘yish orqali 
yasaladi.
important - more important - the most important 
muhim - muhimroq - eng muhim 
interesting - more interesting - the most interesting 
qiziqarli - qiziqarliroq - eng qiziq
B a’zi bir sifatlaming qiyosiy va orttirma darajalari 
boshqa negizlardan yasaladi.
good - better - the best 
yaxshi - yaxshiroq - eng yaxshi 
bad - worse - the worst 
yomon - yomonroq - eng yomon 
many (much) - more - the most 
ko ‘p - k o ‘proq - eng ko ‘p
Teng predmetlami chog‘ishtirishda sifatning oddiy 
darajasi as....as iborasidan foydalaniladi.
0 ‘zbek tilida «xuddi shunday» deb beriladi.
Karim is as clever as his brother.
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B i r l i k
I. 
I have as many books as you have.
II. 
You have as many books as I have.
III. 
He has as many books as you have.
She has as many books as you have.
К о 6 p l i k
I. 
We have as many books as you have.
И. 
You have as many books as they have.
III. 
They have as many books as you have.
Sifat yoki son jihatdan teng bo ‘lmagan predmetlami
chog‘ishtirishda not s o
as iborasidan foydalaniladi.
0 ‘zbek tilida «shunday emas» deb beriladi.
B i r l i k
I. 
I have not so many books as you have.
II. 
You have not so many books as I have.
III. 
He has not so many books as you have.
She has not so many books as you have.
К о ‘ p l i k
I. 
We have not so many books as you have.
II. 
You have not so many books as they have.
III. 
They have not so many books as you have.