Mavzu. Kompyuter grafikasi va uning turlari

Rang kodi	R	G	В
Rangning nomi
1	2	3	4	5
0	0	0	0	Qora
1	128	0	0	Tuq qizil
2	0	128	0	YAshil
3	128	128	0	ligarrang-yashil
4	0	0	128	Tuq yashil
5	128	0	128	Tuq zarg’aldoq
6	0	128	128	Yarim havorang
7	128	128	128	Yarim kulrang
8	192	192	192	Chorak kulrang
9	255	0	0	Qizil
10	0	255	0	Ochiq yashil
11	255	255	0	Sariq
12	0	0	255	Ko’k
13	255	0	255	Zarg’aldoq
14	0	255	255	Havorang
15	255	255	255	Oq

Bunday palitraning kamchiligi sifatida muhim ranglardan biri

bo’lgan zarg’aldoq rangning yo’qligi hisoblash mumkin. SHuningdek boshqa, masalan, VGA uchun 256 rangli standard palitralar ham mavjud.

Kompyuterlardagi videotizimlar odatda dasturiga o’zining palitrasining o’rnatish imkoniyatini beradi.
Palitradan foydalanadigan tasviming har bir rangi indekslar bilan kodlanadiki, ular palitra jadvalidagi qator raqamini aniqlaydi. Shuning uchun ranglami kodlashning bunday usuli indeksli kodlash deb ataladi.

Grafik fayl formatlari

BMP - rastrli grafik format. Windows uchun standard grafik fayllar formati. Windows dagi barcha tasvirlarni tahrir qilish dasturlari BMP fayllami yarata va o‘qiy oladi. Tasviming rangini oq-qoradan to toTiq ranglargacha belgilash mumkin. Bu formatda tasvir siqilmaydi. Taxminan 16,7 million xil rang ishlatiladi.

GIF - Graphics Interchange Format (grafik maTumotlami almashish formati). CompuServe firmasining standard, u rastrli rangli tasvirlarni aniqlash uchun qoTlaniladi. Tarmoq orqali

tarqatish uchun mo‘ljallangan ushbu format fayllari juda kichkina bo‘ladi. Format kulrangning 256 xil jilosi yordamida oq-qora tasvirni va 256 xil yoki undan kam rangni qo‘llab, rangli tasvirni yozib oladi. Tasvirni animatsiyada ham ishlatish mumkin.

JPEG (JPG) - asosan rastrli tasvirlar (fotosuratlar, rasmlar va b.) uchun ishlatiladi. JPEG formatida yuqori darajada siqilganligi tufayli, tasvir fayli hajmi sezilarli darajada kamayadi. Lekin bunda tasvir sifati yo‘qoladi. Bugungi kunda JPEG fotosuratlar va ko‘psonli ranglar ishlatilgan tavsirlar uchun eng yaxshi format sanaladi. El Internetda ishlatish va elektron pochta orqali jo ‘natishga qulay. Taxminan 16,7 million xildagi rang qoTlaniladi.

PSD - Photo Shop Data. Fotosuratlarni qayta ishlovchi fotoshop dasturida yaratilgan fayllar formati. Taxminan 250 trillion xil rang qoTlaniladi.

TIFF(TIF) - Tagged Image File Format (tasvirli fayllarning teglangan formati), rastrli grafik format. Bu format tasvirlami yuqori sifatini ta’minlaydi va kompyuterlar o‘rtasida maTumotlar almashishdagi standard format sanaladi. TIFF formati tasvirni maTumotlarni yo‘qotmay siqish imkonini beradi. Raqamli kameralar foydalanuvchilari tomonidan keng qoTlaniladi. Taxminan 16,7 million xildagi ranglar mavjud.

Nazorat savollari

1. 
   Rang nima? U qanday xususiyatlarga ega?
   

2. 
   Rangning qanday xarakteristikalarini bilasiz?
   

3. 
   Rangning qanday modellari mavjud?
   

4. 
   Rang modellari bir - biridan nima bilan farq qiladi?
   

5. 
   
   6
   Rangning RGB modelini tushuntiring.
   

. Maksvell uchburchagini tushuntiring.

8
7. Rangning SMU modelini tushuntiring.

. Ranglarning qanday modellarini bilasiz?

Computer graphics are pictures and movies created rising computers - usually referring to image data created by a computer specifically with help from specialized graphical hardware and software. It is a vast and recent area in computer science, computer graphics include user’ interface design, sprite graphics, vector graphics. 3D modeling, shaders.
A large form o f digital art being pixel art is created through the use o f raster graphics software, where images are edited oil the pixel level. Graphics in m ost old (or relatively limited) computer and video games, graphing calculator games, and many mobile phone games are mostly pixel ait

3

The RGB rotor model is an additive color model in which red, green, and blue light are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors The name of the model comes from the initials of the tliree additive primary colors, red, green, and blue.


The main purpose of the RGB color model is for the sensing, representation, and display of images in electronic systems, such as televisions and computers, though it has also been used in conventional photography. Before the electronic age, the RGB color model already had a solid theory behind it. based in human perception of colors.


RGB is a device-dependent color model: different devices detect or reproduce a given RGB value differently, since the color elements (such as phosphors or dyes) and their response to the individual R, G, and В levels vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, or even in the same device over time. Thus an RGB value does not define the same color across devices without some kind of color management.


Typical RGB input devices are color TV and video cameras, image scanners, video games, and digital cameras. Typical RGB output devices are TV sets of various teclmologies (CRT. LCD. plasma. OLED. Quantum-Dots etc.), computer and mobile phone displays, video projectors, multicolor LED displays, and large screens such as JumboTron. Color printers, on the other hand, are not RGB devices, but subtractive color devices (typically CMYK color model).