APTIS SCORING SYSTEM
KAREN DUNN
PAGE 11
9. INTERPRETING CEFR LEVELS
AND NUMERICAL SCORES
AWARDED TO CANDIDATES
Any given CEFR level for an individual L2 skill covers a broad range of abilities and competences.
While test scores can demonstrate a candidate’s level, it is important to remember that several
performance descriptors exist within one CEFR level and it takes time to master all of them.
This means that when measuring candidate progress on a course, it is unrealistic to expect a
candidate to increase their language ability even by one CEFR level within a limited period of time.
This section of the report provides guidance on making valid score comparisons.
9.1 Individual skill areas
CEFR levels awarded for individual skills can be used to glean a profile of candidate ability.
For example, it might be useful to know whether a candidate’s receptive (listening and reading)
skills are more pronounced than their productive (writing and speaking) skills. This can be achieved
by comparing CEFR level achievement in each of the skills. It is not however valid to compare the
numerical score across skill areas. For example, a candidate achieving 36 in both Listening and the
Writing components cannot be said to have identical levels of ability in these two skills, this is because
of the different alignment of each skills component with the CEFR (see Section 7).
In comparing ability within a single individual skill area, it is however a valid approach to refer first to
the CEFR level and then to the numerical score for a more detailed comparison. So, for example, in
comparing candidates who both achieved B2 in the Speaking component, it is valid to refer to the
numerical score each candidate achieved on this component to establish which is the strongest at this
skill. The numerical scores for individual skills can also be used to give an indication of improvements
in Aptis test performances at the component level by the same person across different sittings in
cases where an increase of a full CEFR level might not be possible. Equally, this information can be
used to investigate the benefit of different teaching interventions for groups of students, since it is
more nuanced than the CEFR level information.
9.2 Overall English language performance
When comparing the overall English language ability of candidates, it is most informative to refer to
the overall CEFR level awarded upon completion of a four-skills test, rather than the total numeric
score out of 200. Because of the different calibration of each of the skills components against the
CEFR, candidates with the same total score could be awarded a different overall CEFR level (see
Section 3.1). The overall CEFR level is intended however to give a broad overview of a candidate’s
English language ability.