Microsoft Word Basic Chemistry Vocabulary List doc


dilution : When you add solvent to a solution to make it less concentrated. • dipole moment



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1 - Basic Chemistry Vocabulary List

dilution
: When you add solvent to a solution to make it less concentrated.

dipole moment
: When a molecule has some charge separation (usually 
because the molecule is polar), it's said to have a dipole moment. 

dipole-dipole force
: When the positive end of a polar molecule becomes 
attracted to the negative end of another polar molecule.



dissociation
: When water dissolves a compound.

distillation
: This is when you separate a mixture of liquids by heating it up.
The one with the lowest boiling point evaporates first, followed by the one with 
the next lowest boiling point, etc.

double-displacement reaction (a.k.a. double replacement reaction)
:
When the cations of two ionic compounds switch places.

effusion
: When a gas moves through an opening into a chamber that 
contains no pressure. Effusion is much faster than diffusion because there are 
no other gas molecules to get in the way.

electrolysis
: When electricity is used to break apart a chemical compound.

electrolyte
: An ionic compound that dissolves in water to conduct electricity.
Strong electrolytes break apart completely in water; weak electrolytes only fall 
apart a little bit.
(Actually, this isn't entirely true, as Raji Heyovska informs me. Apparently strong electrolytes also dissociate 
partially in water, though much more so than weak ones. For more info, check out his paper at 
http://www.jh-
inst.cas.cz/~rheyrovs
. However, it is also true that the usual definition of a strong electrolyte is one that dissociates 
completely in water, which is why I include that definition above.)

electron affinity
: The energy change that accompanies the addition of an 
electron to an atom in the gas phase.


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