Microsoft Word EcRefChina Oct06. doc



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An Essay on Economic Reforms and Social Change in

 
 
Abstract 
This paper applies a systems-oriented, “holistic” approach to China’s radical economic 
reforms during the last quarter of a century. It characterizes China’s economic reforms 
in terms of a multidimensional classification of economic systems. When looking at the 
economic consequences of China’s change of economic system, I deal with both the 
impressive growth performance and its economic costs. I also study the consequences 
of the economic reforms for the previous social arrangements in the country, which 
were tied to individual work units: agriculture communes, collective firms and state-
owned enterprises. I continue with the social development during the reform period, 
reflecting a complex mix of social advances, mainly in terms of poverty reduction, and 
regress for large population groups in terms of income security and human services, 
such as education and, in particular, health care. Next, I discuss Chinas future policy 
options in the social field, whereby I draw heavily on relevant experiences in developed 
countries over the years. The future options are classified into three broad categories: 
policies influencing the level and distribution of factor income, income transfers 
including social insurance, and the provision of human services.


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Contents 
 
Introduction 


I. The Nature and Economic Consequences of the Economic Reforms 


 

I:1 
The 
Reforms 

I:2 
Economic 
Consequences 
25 
II. Social Advance and Regress
 
 

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