Middle English Literature
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Currency
farthing = 1 4 pence halfpenny = 1 2 pence groat = 4 pence shilling = 12 pence crown = 5 shillings mark = 2 3 pound pound = 20 shillings or 240 pence Income Wages fluctuated according to many factors, including time period, time of year, region, and number of days worked. Workers also often received whole or partial payment in goods such as clothing and food. 1300 unskilled laborer 1 1 2 pence per day skilled building laborer 3 pence per day 1325 Elizabeth de Burgh’s 3,000 pounds (gross) per year income from estates 1366–77 Philippa Chaucer, personal 10 marks per year maid to Queen Philippa 1367–77 Geoffrey Chaucer, valet to 20 marks per year King Edward III 274 Appendix 1380 Thomas Arundel, 1,000 pounds per year bishop of Ely’s income 1387 stationer 70 shillings, 11 pence for illumination and binding of missal 1395 limner 40 shillings for illumination of one manuscript John of Gaunt’s income 10,000 pounds (net) per year from estates 1390 unskilled laborer 3 pence per day skilled building laborer 4 pence per day 1421 scribe 12 pounds, 8 shillings for 12 books on hunting for Henry V 1456 washerwoman 16 pence per year 1464 stationer 3 shillings for writing and limning six ballads for queen’s procession scribe 8 pence for writing the ballads on display boards 1500 skilled building laborer 5 pence per day Prices No simple currency conversion to present day currencies exists. However, the following may give some idea of prices if seasonal and regional fluctuations (some substantial) as well as changes over longer periods of time are kept in mind. 1310 1 quire (12 leaves) of parchment 1 shilling, 11 pence 1343 knight’s annual household expenses 60 pounds 1348 squire’s annual cash expenditure 7 pounds 1358 average shop rental in Paternoster 1 pound, 5 shillings, Row (stationers) 3 pence 1360 ransom of chaplain 8 pounds ransom of servants of countess 10 pounds ransom of poultry purveyors 10 pounds ransom of king’s palfreyman 16 pounds ransom of Geoffrey Chaucer 16 pounds Appendix 275 1361 4 books of romance 6 shillings, 4 pence 1376 1 copy “Clensyng Synne” 8 pence 1382 illuminated verse Romance of 10 pounds King Alexander 1383 1 illuminated, bound missal 39 pounds, 10 shillings, 10 pence 1385 1 quire (12 leaves) of parchment 1 shilling, 9 pence 1389–1518 1 fine vellum skin 5.4 pence average 1391 work horse 13–15 shillings 1393 lord’s annual household expenses 277 pounds 1400–1500 wheat averaged 6 shillings a quarter 1424 shoes 6 pence shirt 8 pence gloves 3 pence belt 1 penny 1430 psalter 13 shillings, 4 pence 1445 psalter 5 shillings 1456 12 bundles of wood 1 shilling, 6 pence 12 quarters of coal 3 shillings 1 lb wax and wicks 10 shillings 1463–1527 1 vellum skin 2.5 pence average 1471 1 missal 20 shillings, 3 pence Yüklə 1,8 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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