Ministry of Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan Baku International Multiculturalism Centre Azerbaijani Multiculturalism Textbook for Higher Education

Induction

Induction (in Latin inductio means to make one’s way towards…) as a research methodology expresses the movement of knowledge from concrete facts towards general provisions. By using this methodology concrete facts are gathered and generalized and as a result of it new generalized knowledge is achieved. If all the facts are used in achieving the new knowledge, induction becomes complete; otherwise it is incomplete. In the majority of cases it is difficult to take into consideration all the facts for objective reasons, so

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incomplete induction is encountered more than complete induction. Unlike complete induction, the knowledge obtained through incomplete induction is probable in nature.

Induction is a frequently used methodology in the discipline of Azerbaijani multiculturalism. It is in the nature of the subject. As a discipline that studies the reality of Azerbaijan, Azerbaijani Multiculturalism collects concrete facts about Azerbaijan and makes its own propositions. For example, in teaching this discipline the thesis that the ideas of tolerance and multiculturalism were always present in the history of Azerbaijan’s socio-philosophical thought is substantiated through analysis of the oral folklore and works of prominent Azerbaijani thinkers, poets, writers and educators.

Deduction

Deduction (in Latin deductio means to make an inference by reasoning) is a comprehension methodology that deduces conclusions from generalizations. The knowledge obtained by this method is essential in character; that is, unlike incomplete induction, the result obtained by deduction is not probable in nature.

Many premises used in teaching the discipline of Azerbaijani Multiculturalism are obtained by using the deductive approach. For instance, when determining that a national minority has the right to develop its language, recourse can be made to Article 21 (Paragraph 2) of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan concerning the official language and Paragraphs 1 and 2 of Article 45 (‘the right to use one’s mother tongue’) which enshrine the right. Specifically, Article 21, Paragraph 2 says: The Azerbaijan Republic ensures the free use and development of other languages

spoken by the people.’ Article 45, Paragraph 1 says: ‘Everyone has the right to use his/her mother tongue. Everyone has the right to be educated, to do creative work in any language, as desired.’ Article

Section I

Chapter 1

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Azerbaijani Multiculturalism

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45, Paragraph 2 says: ‘Nobody may be deprived of the right to use his/her mother tongue.’