1.4. Teaching Methodologies of Azerbaijani Multiculturalism
As an interdisciplinary subject Azerbaijani multiculturalism applies logical methodologies or the general methodologies of scientific cognition. The main logical methodologies used here are observation, comparison, measuring, experimentation, induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, abstraction and generalization.
Observation
Observation is the study of phenomena through the perception of reality in order to determine their meanings and define their importance. As a rule, during observation the observer does not interfere in the development of the object.
There are two types of observation:
a. Outside or external observation. In this case the observer watches an ongoing process from the outside;
b. Inside or internal observation. In this case the observer participates actively in the process.
Moreover, depending on the use of technical means in the process of observation, the observation may be direct or indirect (instrumental). In direct observations the observer obtains information about the object without using any technical means (television, radio, internet, etc.). The observer may obtain information about the object indirectly (for example through observation, or through questionnaires). Such observation is called indirect observation.
The academic discipline of Azerbaijani Multiculturalism widely uses the methodology of observation. For example, through observation it is possible to determine the absence of any
confrontation among members religious confessions or different ethnic groups, as well as to determine the presence of friendly relations among them and to conclude that the multicultural climate is at a high level.
Comparison
Comparison is a methodology that compares objects in order to determine their identical and different features. This methodology plays an important role in determining the essence of objects and phenomena. Comparison is an important component of generalization, which is itself a significant stage of intellectual knowledge. Besides, comparison plays a key role in analogy.
The methodology of comparison is of great importance in Azerbaijani multiculturalism. For example, this methodology is widely used in defining the features of the Azerbaijani model of multiculturalism, including its superiority to other models.
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