Somerville College was founded as one of Oxford's first women's colleges in 1879.
The university passed a statute in 1875 allowing its delegates to create
the turn of the twentieth century, this allowed the "steamboat ladies" to receive ad
were established due to the activism of the Association for Promoting the Higher
(1893)
[43]
and St Anne's College (1952).
[44]
In the early 20th century, Oxford and
Cambridge were widely perceived to be bastions of male privilege,
[45]
however the
integration of women into Oxford moved forwards during the First World War. In
1916 women were admitted as medical students on a par with men, and in 1917 the
university accepted financial responsibility for women's examinations.
[36]
On 7
October 1920 women became eligible for admission as full members of the
university and were given the right to take degrees.
[46]
In 1927 the university's dons
created a quota that limited the number of female students to a quarter that of men,
a ruling which was not abolished until 1957.
[38]
However, before the 1970s all
Oxford colleges were for men or women only, so that the number of women was
limited by the capacity of the women's colleges to admit students. It was not until
1959 that the women's colleges were given full collegiate status.
In 1974, Brasenose, Jesus, Wadham, Hertford and St Catherine's became the first
previously all-male colleges to admit women.
[47][48]
In 2008, the last single-sex college, St Hilda's, admitted its first men, so that all
colleges are now co-residential. By 1988, 40% of undergraduates at Oxford were
female;
[49]
the ratio was about 46%:54% in men's favour for the 2012
undergraduate admission.
[50]
The detective novel Gaudy Night by Dorothy L. Sayers, herself one of the first
women to gain an academic degree from Oxford, is largely set in a (fictional)
women's college at Oxford, and the issue of women's education is central to its
plot.
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