Mustaqil ishlar ro’yhati

Terminology

Further information: History of email § Terminology and usage
The term electronic mail has been in use with its modern meaning since 1975, and variations of the shorter E-mail have been in use since 1979:^[2][3]

• 
  email is now the common form, and recommended by style guides.^[4][5] It is the form required by IETF Requests for Comments (RFC) and working groups.^[6] This spelling also appears in most dictionaries.^{[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]}
  
• 
  e-mail is the form favored in edited published American English and British English writing as reflected in the Corpus of Contemporary American English data,^[15] but is falling out of favor in some style guides.^[5][16]
  
• 
  E-mail is sometimes used.^[17] The original usage in June 1979 occurred in the journal Electronics in reference to the United States Postal Service initiative called E-COM, which was developed in the late 1970s and operated in the early 1980s.^[2][3]
  
• 
  Email is also used.
  
• 
  EMAIL was used by CompuServe starting in April 1981, which popularized the term.^[18][19]
  
• 
  EMail is a traditional form used in RFCs for the "Author's Address".
  

The service is often simply referred to as mail, and a single piece of electronic mail is called a message. The conventions for fields within emails—the “To,” “From,” “CC,” “BCC” etc.—began with RFC-680 in 1975.^[20]
An Internet email consists of an envelope and content;^[21] the content consists of a header and a body.^[22]

History

Main article: History of email
Computer-based messaging between users of the same system became possible after the advent of time-sharing in the early 1960s, with a notable implementation by MIT's CTSS project in 1965.^[23] Most developers of early mainframes and minicomputers developed similar, but generally incompatible, mail applications. In 1971 the first ARPANET network mail was sent, introducing the now-familiar address syntax with the '@' symbol designating the user's system address.^[24] Over a series of RFCs, conventions were refined for sending mail messages over the File Transfer Protocol.
Proprietary electronic mail systems soon began to emerge. IBM, CompuServe and Xerox used in-house mail systems in the 1970s; CompuServe sold a commercial intraoffice mail product from 1978 and IBM and Xerox from 1981.^{[nb 1][25][26][27]} DEC's ALL-IN-1 and Hewlett-Packard's HPMAIL (later HP DeskManager) were released in 1982; development work on the former began in the late 1970s and the latter became the world’s largest selling email system.^[28][29]
The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) protocol was implemented on the ARPANET in 1983. LAN email systems emerged in the mid 1980s. For a time in the late 1980s and early 1990s, it seemed likely that either a proprietary commercial system or the X.400 email system, part of the Government Open Systems Interconnection Profile (GOSIP), would predominate. However, once the final restrictions on carrying commercial traffic over the Internet ended in 1995,^[30][31] a combination of factors made the current Internet suite of SMTP, POP3 and IMAP email protocols the standard (see Protocol Wars).^[32][33]