Nb. You may use any letter more than once. Genes play a considerable role in each person’s level of happiness

Questions 1 to 6
Match each of the following statements with the name of a writer or philosopher from the box below. Write the correct letter, A to E, for each statement.
NB. You may use any letter more than once.
1. Genes play a considerable role in each person’s level of happiness.
С) Sonja Lyubomirsky
Since the 1960s, research has produced many different views on causes of happiness, and on factors that correlate with happiness. Sonja Lyubomirsky concludes in her book ‘The How of Happiness’ that 50 percent of a given human's happiness level is genetically determined (based on twin studies), 10 percent is affected by life circumstances and situation, and a remaining 40 percent of happiness is subject to self-control.
2. The pursuit of happiness requires taking a long-term view of what is good for us.
B) Epicurus
Another Greek philosopher, Epicurus, explained happiness in a different way. Epicurus’ ethical theory is hedonistic. Hedonism is the view that pleasure is the only intrinsic good and that pain is the only intrinsic bad. He understands happiness as a more or less continuous experience of pleasure and the freedom from pain and distress. However, it is important to understand that Epicurus does not advocate the pursuit of any and every pleasure. Rather, he recommends a policy whereby pleasures are maximised “in the long run”.
5. Happiness cannot be achieved without action.
A) Aristotle
In spite of this finding and the plethora of research into every conceivable aspect of happiness, it seems that we are no closer than the ancient Greeks were to achieving it at a societal level. In fact, levels of stress and mental illness seem to suggest the opposite. Perhaps instead of studying the minutiae of happiness, we should simply follow Aristotle’s advice and strive to ‘do and live well’.
3.Being unhappy can affect a chemical in the human body.
E) Andrew Steptow and Michael Marmot
A study conducted in 2005 by Andrew Steptow and Michael Marmot found that happiness is clearly related to biological markers that play an important role in health. Steptow and Marmot collected health and well-being data from 116 men and 100 women. Interestingly, the participants who rated themselves the least happy had cortisol (a hormone related to stress) levels that were 48% higher than those who rated themselves as the most happy.
4. We are happy when other people say nice things about us.
D) Mark Liri
While according to Mark Leary, as reported in a November 1995 issue of Psychology Today, "we are happiest when basking in the acceptance and praise of others”.
6. Negative experiences are sometimes valuable because they lead to future happiness.

B) Epicurus

Another Greek philosopher, Epicurus, explained happiness in a different way. Epicurus’ ethical theory is hedonistic. Hedonism is the view that pleasure is the only intrinsic good and that pain is the only intrinsic bad. He understands happiness as a more or less continuous experience of pleasure and the freedom from pain and distress. However, it is important to understand that Epicurus does not advocate the pursuit of any and every pleasure. Rather, he recommends a policy whereby pleasures are maximised “in the long run”. Specifically, Epicurus claims that some pleasures are not worth having because they lead to greater pains, and some pains are worthwhile when they lead to greater pleasures. The best strategy for attaining a maximal amount of pleasure overall is not to seek instant gratification but to work out a sensible long term policy.