e h t i y o j la r i va u la rn in g o b y e k t l a r a r o m u n o s a b a t i (subyektiv
m u n o s a b a t l a r ) , b i n o b a r i n , n a m o y o n b o 'l g a n e h tiy o jla m i
q o n d i r i s h g a s h a y t u r g a n n a r s a la r bilan o d a m o ‘rtasidagi
m u n o s a b a t m a ’n o s i d a is h la t il a d i. H is siy o t t u s h u n c h a s i
k u n d a l i k t u r m u s h va ilm iy psixologik m a n b a l a r d a h a r xil
m a ’n o d a q o 'l l a n i l a d i . M a s a l a n , sez g ila r, a n g l a n m a g a n
m a y l l a r , a n g l a n m a g a n x o h i s h l a r , t i l a k l a r , m a q s a d l a r ,
t a l a b l a r kabi t u s h u n c h a l a r d a n hissiyot o 'r n i d a foydalaniladi.
Il m iy n u q ta y i n a z a r d a n kelib ch iq ib
tahlil q iladigan boMsak,
„ h i s s i y o t “ o d a t d a t i r i k m a v j u d o t l a r m i y a s i d a , y a ’ni
s h a x s l a r n i n g e h tiy o jla rin i q o n d i r u v c h i va u n g a m o n e l i k
q i l u v c h i o b y e k tia rg a n i s b a t a n o d a m n i n g m u n o s a b a t la r in i
a k s e t t ir i s h m a ’n o s id a q o 'lla n ila d i.
/ j a h o n p s i x o l o g iy a s id a „ h i s s i y o t “ b i l a n „ e m o t s i y a "
a t a m a l a r i (ayniqsa, c h e t m a m la k a t la r d a ) b ir xil m a ’n o d a
i s h la t il a d i, lekin ularn i a y n a n b ir xil holat d e b tu s h u n ish
u n c h a l i k t o ‘g ‘ri e m a s / B u n d a y n u q s o n o m m a b o p a d a b iy o t-
l a r d a , c h e t e l l a r d a c h o p e ti l g a n d a r s l i k l a r d a a k s a r i y a t
h o l l a r d a u c h r a y d i . O d a t d a , t a s h q i a l o m a t l a r i y a q q o l
n a m o y o n b o kladigan h i s - t u y g ‘u la rn i ichki k e c h in m a la r d a
i f o d a l a n is h d a n iborat psixik j a r a y o n yuzaga kelishining a n iq
s h a k l i n i e m o ts iy a d e b a t a s h m a q s a d g a m uvoflq. M a sa la n ,
r a n g l a r n i n g o 'z g a ris h i, y u z g a
t a b a s s u m yoyilishi, lablar-
n i n g titr a s h i , k o ‘z l a r n i n g y arq ira sh i, kulgi, y ig ‘i, g ‘a m g i n -
lik , i k k i l a n i s h , s a r o s i m a l i k va b o s h q a l a r e m o t s i y a n i n g
i fo d a sid ir. V a ta n p a rv a rlik , jav o b g arlik , m a s ’uliyat, vijdon,
m e h r - o q i b a t , s e v g i - m u h a b b a t singari y u k sa k xislatla rn i
e m o t s i y a tarkibiga kiritish g ‘ayritabiiy h o d is a b o l a r edi.
U s h b u h is s iy k e c h i n m a l a r o ‘z i n i n g n i o h i y a t i , k u c h -
q u v v a t i , d avom iyligi, ta 's i r c h a n l i g i, y o ‘nalganligi
b ila n bir-
b irid a n keskin farqlanishiga q aram ay , ularni e m otsiya sifatida
ta l q i n qilish safsata boMib qolishi m u m k in . D c m a k , u la rn in g
o ‘z a r o m u h i m farqi biri ijtim o iy (hissiyot), ikkinchisi esa
( e m o t s i y a ) in d iv id u a l, x u su s iy e k a n lig id ad ir.
T a ' k i d l a b o 't i l g a n m u l o h a z a l a r g a q a r a m a y , hissiyot
b i l a n e m o t s iy a n i b i r - b i r i d a n q a t ’iy c h e k la b q o 'y i s h b a 'z i
c h a lk a s h l ik l a r n i keltirib c h iq a r is h i m u m k in . F aoliyat, x ulq-
a t v o r , m u o m a l a su b y ek ti o ‘zin in g shaxsiy h a m d a ja m i y a t
110
u c h u n a h a m iy a tl i h i s o b l a n g a n n a r s a va h o d i s a l a r n i a k s
c t t i m v c h i m u n o s a b a ti h is s iv o td a m u ja s s a m la s h a d i. S h a x s -
n in g individual hayoti va fa o liy a tig a a l o q a d o r (x o h fo y d a li,
x o h za ra r li b o 'I s in ) o m i l l a r , q o ‘z g ‘o v c h iIa r, t u r t k i l a r n i
ifo d a lo v c h i h a m d a kelib
c h i q i s h i in stin k tlar, s h a r t s i z re f-
le k s la r, irsiy b e lg ila r ( o v q a t î a n i s h , h i m o y a l a n i s h , q o ‘r-
q ish va b o s h q a l a r ) b i l a n b o g ' l i q s o d d a hissiy h o l a t l a r
„ e m o t s i y a “ deyiladi. E m o t s iy a la r nafaqat in s o n la rg a , b a lk i
j o n l i m a v ju d o tia rg a h a m t a a l l u q l i ru hiy (psixik) h o l a t l a r d i r .
H a y v o n i a r d a g i e m o t s i y a l a r n i n g o 'z g a r i s h i n u i r a k k a b
b o l g a n tabiiylik (irsiy) a l o m a t l a r g a a s o s la n u v c h i s o d d a
tuzilishga cgadir.
O d a m bilan h ay v o n e m o t s i y a l a r i o ‘z la r in in g m o h i y a t i ,
tu zilishi, t a ’sirchanligi, ja d a llig i, sifati, shakli b i l a n k e s k in
ta fo v u tla n a d i. E m o tsiy a la r t a s h q i k o ‘rinishga xosligi, m u -
v a q q a t xususiyatga ega ekanligi b ila n hissiyotdan f a r q l a n a d i .
A y tish j o iz k i, hissiyot h a y v o n o t o l a m i g a
xos k e c h i n m a
e m a s , u a q l-z a k o v a t subyekti s a n a lm is h h azrati i n s o n g a g i n a
xos, c h u n k i , e m p a t i k ( h a m d a r d l i k ) h is - t u y g ‘u l a r s h a x s -
ning m u k a m m a llik b o s q ic h ig a ko'tarilishiga kafolat ncgizidir.
H issiyot bilan e m o tsiy a i n s o n shaxsining ijtim o iy h a y o -
tiy s h a r t- s h a r o i t la r i d a y u z a g a k c lg a n , o d a m n i n g i j ti m o i y -
t a r i x i y t a r a q q i y o t i d a c v o l u t s i o n y o ‘s i n d a s h a k l l a n g a n ,
m u a y y a n i jtim o iy m u h i t d a i s t i q o m a t q i l u v c h i k i s h i l a r
t o m o n i d a n o ‘z l a s h tirilg a n g ‘o y a l a r , m e ’y o r l a r , q o n u n -
q o id a la r , n iz o m la r, q a d r iy a tla r n i aks e ttiru v ch i a n g l a n g a n
h i s - t u y g ‘u l a r , m u r a k k a b i c h k i k e c h i n m a l a r n i v u j u d g a
kelish j a r a y o n id ir .
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