Annex 4: Units and Conversion Factors
1
Table A4.1: General Conversion Factors for Energy
To:
TJ
Gcal
Mtoe
MBtu
GWh
From:
Multiply by:
Terajoule (TJ)
1
238.8
2.388 x 10
-5
947.8 0.2778
Gigacalorie (Gcal)
4.1868 x 10
-3
1
10
-7
3.968
1.163 x 10
-3
Million tonnes of oil
equivalent (Mtoe)
4.1868 x 10
4
10
7
1
3.968 x 10
7
11
630
Million British thermal
units (Mbtu)
1.0551 x 10
-3
0.252
2.52 x 10
-8
1
2.931 x 10
-4
Gigawatt-hour (GWh)
3.6
860
8.6 x 10
-5
3412
1
Table A4.2: Conversion Factors for Mass
To:
kg
t
lt
st
lb
From:
Multiply by:
Kilogram (kg)
1 0.001
9.84 x 10
-4
1.102 x 10
-3
2.2046
Tonne (t)
1000 1 0.984
1.1023
2204.6
Long ton (lt)
1016 1.016 1 1.120 2240.0
Short ton (st)
907.2 0.9072 0.893
1 2000.0
Pound (lb)
0.454
4.54 x 10
-4
4.46 x 10
-4
5.0 x 10
-4
1
Table A4.3: Conversion Factors for Volume
To:
gal U.S.
gal U.K.
bbl
ft
3
l
m
3
From:
Multiply by:
U.S. gallon (gal)
1 0.8327
0.02381
0.1337
3.785
0.0038
U.K. gallon (gal)
1.201 1 0.02859
0.1605
4.546
0.0045
Barrel (bbl)
42.0 34.97 1
5.615
159.0
0.159
Cubic foot (ft
3
)
7.48 6.229 0.1781
1 28.3
0.0283
Litre (l)
0.2642 0.220 0.0063 0.0353 1 0.001
Cubic metre (m
3
)
264.2 220.0 6.289 35.3147
1000.0 1
Table A4.4: Decimal Prefixes
10
1
deca
(da)
10
-1
deci
(d)
10
2
hecto
(h)
10
-2
centi
(c)
10
3
kilo
(k)
10
-3
milli
(m)
10
6
mega
(M)
10
-6
micro
(µ)
10
9
giga
(G)
10
-9
nano
(n)
10
12
tera
(T)
10
-12
pico
(p)
10
15
peta
(P)
10
-15
femto
(f)
10
18
exa
(E) 10
-18
atto
(a)
1
Source: International Energy Agency