Energy Indicators for Sustainable Development: Guidelines and Methodologies International Atomic Energy Agency United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs International Energy Agency Eurostat European Environment Agency


ECO6: Industrial energy intensities



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ECO6: Industrial energy intensities 
Brief Definition 
Energy use per unit of value added in the industrial 
sector and by selected energy-intensive industries 
Units 
Energy: tonnes of oil equivalent (toe) per US dollar 
Electricity: kilowatt-hours (kWh) per US dollar 
Alternative Definition 
Energy use per unit of physical output in the 
industrial sector, manufacturing branches and 
selected energy-intensive industries 
Agenda 21 
Chapter 4: Consumption and production patterns 
POLICY RELEVANCE 
(a) Purpose: The industrial sector is a major user of energy. This set of indicators 
measures the aggregate energy use of the industrial sector and selected energy-
intensive industries per corresponding value added. Intensities provide information 
about the relative energy use per unit of output. The set is used to analyse trends in 
energy efficiency and in changes in product composition and fuel mix as they affect 
industrial, branch and product intensities. In addition, this set of indicators can be 
used for evaluating trends in technological improvements and changes in the structure 
of the industrial sector and sub-sectors. 
(b) Relevance to Sustainable Development: Improving energy efficiency and 
reducing energy intensities in industrial processes are important sustainable 
development objectives for countries all over the world. Improvements in intensities 
translate into more effective utilization of energy resources and into reductions of 
negative environmental impacts. 
(c) International Conventions and Agreements: There are no specific international 
conventions or agreements directly related to the reduction of energy intensities. 
However, international conventions on the reduction of emissions, such as the United 
Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Kyoto Protocol, might 
influence intensity levels. The importance of energy efficiency and the rational use of 
energy has also been highlighted by Agenda 21, at the World Summit on Sustainable 
Development in Johannesburg and by various European Union treaties. 

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