(E) Strengthens. The educational experts’ argument in favor of performance-
based compensation is bolstered if standardized tests scores have dramatically
risen in school districts that have instituted such pay structures.
52.
(B).
This question asks for the choice that properly describes the role of
the two boldfaced portions in relation to the conclusion: “networks can
actually increase their revenue through higher advertising rates, due to larger
audiences lured to television through other media.” The first boldface portion
opposes this position by predicting smaller audiences; the second lends
support to it by citing evidence that alternative media devices lead their users
to watch more television.
(A) The first boldface does weigh against the argument, but it is a prediction,
rather than “an inevitable trend”; the second boldface supports the argument
but is not the conclusion itself.
(B) CORRECT.
The argument about potential increased network revenue is
contrary to the first boldface’s prediction about shrinking audiences and
falling revenue; the argument indeed depends upon the second boldface’s
assertion that users of alternative devices will actually watch more hours of
television.
(C) The first boldface opposes the argument, rather than clarifies it; the
second would suggest that the argument is sound, rather than flawed.
(D) The technology executives do not accept the prediction of the network
executives; the second boldface contradicts that prediction and is not a
consequence of it.
(E) The first boldface does not use an analogy; the second is in agreement
with, not opposition to, the argument.
53.
(A).
This is a Weaken the Conclusion question. The correct answer choice
will cast doubt on the sponsors’ claim that “reducing nicotine intake does not
improve one’s health.”
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