Supervisor: 1 Ilhama Zarbaliyeva Keywords: surfactants, oil spills, petrodispersing, petrocollecting, diethylenetriamine,
stearic acid.
Spillage of crude oil and its refining products is one of the main causes
of hydrosphere pollution. Thin petroleum films inevitably remain on the sea
surface after the thick petroleum layers are removed, and they become one
of the most harmful sources of ecological imbalance in nature. There are
different techniques such as oil booms, skimmers, sorbents, and dispersants
that have been utilized to clean up oil spills from the sea surface. Therefore,
colloidal-chemical procedures are utilized to dissolve these thin petroleum
layers that harm the life activity of marine organisms. Among them,
surfactants with petrocollecting and petrodispersing activities are the most
effective [4].
Surfactant, also known as a surface-active agent, is a chemical such as
detergent that reduces the surface tension of a liquid, improving its spreading
and wetting qualities. They are amphiphilic organic molecules that include
both hydrophobic (their tails) and hydrophilic (their heads) groups.
Surfactants are used in variety of applications. The petroleum sector is one
of their most important application areas [1-2]. Scientists offered beneficial
results from the use of fatty acids and amines as reactants.
The objectives of this work are to study and test new surfactants based
on stearic acid and diethylenetriamine. A reaction involving stearic acid and
diethylenetriamine resulted in the production of relevant salts in two distinct
amounts. Both salts (1:1 and 2:1 ratios) were made by heating the reagents
to 80-90 degrees Celsius for 9-10 hours in equimolar concentrations. The
reaction schemes are shown below:
1: 1 𝑁𝐻 − 𝐶𝐻 − 𝐶𝐻 − 𝑁𝐻 − 𝐶𝐻 − 𝐶𝐻 − 𝑁𝐻 + 𝐶 𝐻 − 𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻 →
→ 𝑁𝐻 − 𝐶𝐻 − 𝐶𝐻 − 𝑁𝐻 − 𝐶𝐻 − 𝐶𝐻 − 𝑁𝐻 ⋯ 𝐻𝑂𝑂𝐶 − 𝐶 𝐻
2: 1 𝑁𝐻 − 𝐶𝐻 − 𝐶𝐻 − 𝑁𝐻 − 𝐶𝐻 − 𝐶𝐻 − 𝑁𝐻 + 2𝐶 𝐻 − 𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻 →
→ 𝐶 𝐻 − 𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻 ⋯ 𝑁𝐻 − 𝐶𝐻 − 𝐶𝐻 − 𝑁𝐻 − 𝐶𝐻 − 𝐶𝐻
− 𝑁𝐻 ⋯ 𝐻𝑂𝑂𝐶 − 𝐶 𝐻
The structures and compositions of obtained substances were confirmed
with IR-spectroscopy. Melting points of the first and second salts are 83 °C