„fSs
L
O edurtm-uz
Ta'lim Markazi
M U N D A R IJA
So‘z b o s h i.......................................................................................................3
I BOB. BIOLOGIYA
TIRIK O RG AN IZM LA R
HAQIDAGI FAN ........................................................................................4
1-§. Biologiya - hayot haqidagi f a n ............................................... 4
2-§. Tirik organizmlarning xususiyatlari.......................................... 9
3-§. Biologiyaning o ‘ rganish usullari ............................................. 12
4-§. Hujayra - tiriklikning a s o s i......................................................17
II BOB. TIRIK O R G ANIZM LARNING X IL M A - X IL L IG I ............... 23
5-§. Tirik organizmlar haqida umumiy m a’ lumot ..................... 23
6-§. Bakteriyalar dunyosi.................................................................. 26
7-§. Zam burug‘ lar d u n y o s i...............................................................30
8-§. O‘ simliklar d u n yo si.....................................................................35
9-§ Tuban o ‘simliklar..........................................................................40
10-§ Yuksak o ‘s im lik la r.....................................................................43
11-§. O‘zbekistonda keng tarqalgan dorivor va zaharli
o ‘sim liklar............................................................................................... 54
12-§. Hayvonot dunyosi.....................................................................59
13-§. Umurtqasiz hayvonlar............................................................. 62
14-§. Umurtqali h a y v o n la r................................................................70
15-§. Odam organlari sistemasi......................................................75
III BOB. ORGANIZM VA TASHQI M U H I T .................................... 80
16-§. Ekologik omillar.........................................................................79
17-§. Inson va ta b ia t..........................................................................83
18-§. Tabiatni muhofaza qilish........................................................ 86
DARSLIKDA UCHRAYDIGAN AYRIM ATAM ALAR IZ O H I.........92
94