Science and Education in Karakalpakstan issn 2181-9203 Science Magazine chief editor

Science and Education in Karakalpakstan. 2023 №2/1 ISSN 2181-9203 
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Civil liability means the imposition of property sanctions against the offender. According to 
the general principles of civil law, civil-legal responsibility has a property character [5. 139] and is 
applied to both contractual obligations and non-contractual obligations. However, in contractual 
obligations, the liability takes on a secondary nature. Civil liability "follows" contractual obligations 
and applies only when the obligation is breached. If the obligation is properly fulfilled, the question 
of liability does not arise. 
In the case of obligations arising from damage, liability arises based on the fact of violation. 
That is, as soon as the obligation arising from the damage is created, it expresses responsibility in 
its content, the possibility of imposing sanctions on the offender. Of course, in this situation, 
liability does not complement another obligation, it does not "observe" (as in contractual 
obligations), it constitutes the content of the offender's obligation in the obligations arising from 
damage. 
For the damage caused, the offender shall be held liable in the form of compensation for the 
damage caused if there are grounds provided for by law. 
In the case of obligations arising from damage, liability arises based on the fact of violation. 
That is, as soon as the obligation arising from the damage is created, it expresses responsibility in 
its content, the possibility of imposing sanctions on the offender. Of course, in this situation, 
liability does not complement another obligation, it does not "observe" (as in contractual 
obligations), it constitutes the content of the offender's obligation in the obligations arising from 
damage. 
For the damage caused, the offender shall be held liable in the form of compensation for the 
damage caused if there are grounds provided for by law. It should be noted that some foreign 
lawyers argue that delict law and related doctrines are rapidly becoming obsolete and losing their 
relevance. In their opinion, from harm the cases related to the resulting obligations are "similar to 
the rules for driving a carriage in the technical age". After all, in modern society, a large part of 
compensation for damages falls on the responsibility of the insurance service [6. 13]. 
Some experts point out that this situation (use of insurance services for compensation of 
damages) is not a basis for "burying the right of delict", the role of insurance in compensating 
damages is undoubtedly large, but the insurance institution is being used together with the right of 
delict and this situation will continue for a long time. [7. 364]. Indeed, the role of the insurance 
service in compensating the damage is incomparable, but the existence of rules on compensation of 
the damage gives the opportunity for insurance organizations to make subrogation [8. 135] (Articles 
318, 957 of the Criminal Code) and taking into account that the application of subrogation is carried 
out only through the delict institution, the importance of delict obligations it can be understood that 
it does not decrease at any stage of the development of society. 
Obligations arising from damage have the following characteristics: 
a) the sphere of influence of these obligations includes property and personal non-property 
relations, despite the fact that compensation has material characteristics; 
b) they arise as a result of the violation of property rights of an absolute nature (property 
rights, lifetime ownership rights, management rights, operative management rights, etc.) or personal 
non-property interests; 
c) although the right is violated by a person who is in a contractual relationship with the 
victim, the obligations become non-contractual due to the violation of absolute rights; 
g) these obligations provide full compensation, regardless of who caused the damage to 
whom, how the damage was caused, and the methods of compensation; 
d) in the cases stipulated by the law, the obligation to pay damages may be assigned to other 
persons [9. 336]. 

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