manure as a fuel for domestic uses is not a new idea, the porosity of clay is something that
potters have known about for years, and something that as a former ceramics lecturer in the
ANU School of Art, Mr. Flynn is well aware of. The difference is that rather than viewing the
porous nature of the material as a problem — after all not many people want a pot that won’t
hold water — his filters capitalize on this property.
F. Other commercial ceramic filters do exist, but, even if available, with prices starting at US$5
each, they are often outside the budgets of most people in the developing world. The filtration
process is simple, but effective. The basic principle is that there are passages through the filter
that are wide enough for water droplets to pass through, but too narrow for pathogens. Tests
with the deadly E-coli bacterium have seen the filters remove 96.4 to 99.8 per cent of the
pathogen — well within safe levels. Using only one filter it takes two hours to filter a litre of
water. The use of organic material, which burns away after firing, helps produce the structure in
which pathogens will become trapped. It overcomes the potential problems of finer clays that
may not let water through and also means that cracks are soon halted. And like clay and cow
dung, it is universally available.
G. The invention was born out of a World Vision project involving the Manatuto community in
East Timor The charity wanted to help set up a small industry manufacturing water filters, but
initial research found the local clay to be too fine — a problem solved by the addition of organic
material. While the AF problems of producing a working ceramic filter in East Timor were
overcome, the solution was kiln-based and particular to that community’s materials and
couldn’t be applied elsewhere. Manure firing, with no requirement for a kiln, has made this zero
technology approach available anywhere it is needed. With all the components being widely
available, Mr. Flynn says there is no reason the technology couldn’t be applied throughout the
developing world, and with no plans to patent his idea, there will be no legal obstacles to it
being adopted in any community that needs it. “Everyone has a right to clean water, these
filters have the potential to enable anyone in the world to drink water safely,” says Mr. Flynn.
Dostları ilə paylaş: