t - o ' t a
q iz ig a n b u g 'n in g h a ro ra ti;
tm -
to 'y in g a n q u r u q b u g 'n in g h a ro ra ti.
20-§. Suv b u g 'in in g
P - v
diagram m asi
B ug' h o sil b o 'lis h
jara y o n in i
P - v
d ia g ra m m a d a tasv irla n ish in i
k o 'rib c h iq ish d a q u y id a g i b e lg ila sh la m i kiritam iz:
a) s u y u q lik n in g 0 °C d a g i b a rc h a p a ra m e trla ri «nol» in d ek si b i
la n (t0,
v 0, ho,
So).
b) to 'y in is h h a ro ra tid a g i p a ra m e trla m i b itta sh trix b ila n ( f ,
v 'f
К
S').
d) to 'y in g a n q u r u q b u g ' p a ra m e trla rin i ik kita sh trix b ila n
(v",
h",
S").
e) to 'y in g a n n a m b u g ' p a ra m e trla rin i
x in d e k s b ila n
h»
S x r ) -
f) O 'ta q iz ig a n b u g ' p a ra m e trla rin i in d ek ssiz
(v, h, S)
belgilay-
m iz.
S ilin d rd a p o rsh e n o stid a 1 k g su v b o r va u n i b u g 'g a a y la n tirish
kerak, d eb faraz qilaylik. S ilin d m in g p o rsh e n ig a ta sh q i to m o n d a n
y u k - P k u c h q u y ilg a n va b u k u c h s ilin d r ich id a b o sim n i o 'z g a r
m as b o 'lis h in i ta 'm in la y d i, d eb faraz qilaylik.
D ia g ra m m a d a ab ssissa o 'q ig a s u v n in g v a h osil b o 'lg a n
b u g 'n in g
n isb iy hajm i, o rd in a ta la r o 'q ig a esa s ilin d rd a g i b o sim
q o 'y ilg a n . S h u n i aytib o 'tis h kerakki, d ia g ra m m a d a g i egri chiziq-
lar, su v va b u g ' h a jm la rin in g h a q iq iy n isb a tig a m o s k elm ay d i.
B unga
sab ab sh u k i, p a s t b o sim la rd a s u v n in g h ajm i s h u b o sim d a
to 'y in g a n b u g 'n in g h ajm ig a n isb a ta n h iso b g a olm as d a ra ja d a ki
ch ik b o 'la d i. S h u n d a y qilib, a g a r d ia g ra m m a q u ris h d a q a t'iy p ro -
p o rsiy a la rg a rio y a qilsak va su v n in g h a jm in i a b ssissalar o 'q id a
m illim e trla rd a ifo d a la n g a n
k esm a b ila n belg ilasak , u h o ld a to 'y in
g a n q u r u q b u g 'n in g h ajm in i m e trla rd a ifo d alash g a to 'g 'ri k elg an
b o 'la r edi. D ia g ra m m a n i q u rib chiqishni su y u q lik n i 0 °C d a n q ay
n a s h h a ro ra tig a c h a isitis h d a n b o sh la sh lo zim edi. L ekin b u oraliq-
d a su v n in g h ajm i sh u n c h alik k a m o 'z g a ra d ik i, u n i d ia g ra m m a d a
ta sv irla sh n in g a h a m iy a ti qolm aydi.
S hu sababli b u g ' h o sil b o 'lis h in i
p - v
d ia g ra m m a d a su v n in g
q a y n a sh ig a m o s k e la d ig a n h a ro ra td a n b o sh lay m iz. B ug' hosil
45
b o 'lish in in g b o sh la n ish i d ia g ra m m a d a Г n u q ta b ila n belg ilan ad i.
Bu 1 kg su v to 'y in is h h a ro ra ti va b o sim id a (pv h da)
s ilin d rd a
v x
h a jm n i eg allay d i. X u d d i sh u p a y td a s ilin d rd a faqat b ir fazali siste-
m a n in g o 'z i su v b o 'la d i.
Dostları ilə paylaş: