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English Morpho - Syntax
7.
laughable
8.
condemnation
9.
linguistics
10.
unidentified
8. Allomorphs
In the light of this discussion, let us return to the earlier example of the
allomorphs of the English regular past tense morpheme below:
a. /id/ if the verb ends in/d or /t/
e.g./mend/ ~ /mendid/
/peint/ ~ /peinted/
‘mend’ ‘mended’
‘paint’ ‘painted’
b. /d/ after a verb ending in any voiced sound except/d/
e.g./kli:n/ ~ /kli:nd/
/wet/ ~ /weid/
‘clean’ ~ ‘cleaned’
‘weigh’
‘weighed’
c. /t/ after a verb ending in any voiceless consonant other than /t/
e.g./pa:k/ ~ /pa:kt/
/mis/ ~ /mist/
‘park’ ‘parked’
‘miss’ ‘missed’
Clearly, the distribution of allomorphs is phonologically conditioned: /-id/is
chosen after the alveolar, stops/it/and/d/(with/i/being inserted to separate the
alveolar stop of the suffix from the final alveolar stop of the verb to which it is
attached); voiced segments other than/d/and voiceless/-t/is chosen after
voiceless consonants other than/t/. So far, all the examples of morphs that we
have seen have involved only vowels and consonants.
The relationship between morphemes, allomorph and morphs can be
represented using a diagram in the following way:
BING4316/MODUL 1
1.35
We can say that
a. /id/, /d/ and /t/ are English morphs and
b. we can group all these three morphs together as allomorphs of the past tense
morpheme.
Activity 4
Draw the diagram showing the relationship between morphemes, allomorph
and morphs in those words below. See the example above.
1. Show allomorphs from the pronunciation of plurals in
Cats, dishes, dogs.
2. Show allomorphs from the pronunciation of past form of the words below:
Loved, wished, stated.
3. Show allomorphs from the prefix which means “not” in
Not tolerable, not possible, not literate.
Key to Activities
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