Note: This document is a translation of the German koma script manual
Chapter 10: KOMA-Script Features for other Classes with Package scrextend
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Chapter 10: KOMA-Script Features for other Classes with Package scrextend 276 cleardoublepage=page style cleardoublepage=current With this option, you may define the page style of the interleaf pages created by the \cleardoublepage , \cleardoubleoddpage , or \cleardoubleevenpage to break until the wanted page. Every already defined page style (see section 10.9 from
page 275 and
chap- ter 5
from page 225
) may be used. Besides this, cleardoublepage=current is valid. This case is the default until KOMA-Script 2.98c and results in interleaf page without changing the page style. Since KOMA-Script 3.00 the default follows the recommendation of most typogra- phers and has been changed to blank interleaf pages with page style empty unless you switch compatibility to an earlier version (see option version
, section 10.2 , page 266
). Example: Assume you want interleaf pages almost empty but with pagination. This means you want to use page style plain. You may use following to achieve this: \KOMAoptions{cleardoublepage=plain} More information about page style plain may be found at section 3.12 , page 78 . \clearpage \cleardoublepage \cleardoublepageusingstyle{page style } \cleardoubleemptypage \cleardoubleplainpage \cleardoublestandardpage \cleardoubleoddpage \cleardoubleoddpageusingstyle{page style } \cleardoubleoddemptypage \cleardoubleoddplainpage \cleardoubleoddstandardpage \cleardoubleevenpage \cleardoubleevenpageusingstyle{page style } \cleardoubleevenemptypage \cleardoubleevenplainpage \cleardoubleevenstandardpage The L
A TEX kernel contains the \clearpage command, which takes care that all not yet output floats are output, and then starts a new page. There exists the instruction \cleardoublepage which works like \clearpage but which, in the double-sided layouts (see layout option twoside in section 2.4 , page 38
) starts a new right-hand page. An empty left page in the current page style is output if necessary. With \cleardoubleoddstandardpage, KOMA-Script works as described above. The \cleardoubleoddplainpage command changes the page style of the empty left page to plain
Chapter 10: KOMA-Script Features for other Classes with Package scrextend 277 in order to suppress the running head. Analogously, the page style empty is applied to the empty page with \cleardoubleoddemptypage, suppressing the page number as well as the running head. The page is thus entirely empty. If another page style is wanted for the interleaf page is may be set with the argument of \cleardoubleoddusingpagestyle. Every already defined page style (see chapter 5 ) may be used. Sometimes chapters should not start on the right-hand page but the left-hand page. This is in contradition to the classic typography; nevertheless, it may be suitable, e. g., if the double-page spread of the chapter start is of special contents. KOMA-Script there- for provides the commands \cleardoubleevenstandardpage, \cleardoubleevenplainpage, \cleardoubleevenemptypage , and \cleardoubleevenpageusingstyle, which are equivalent to the odd-page commands. However, the approach used by the KOMA-Script commands \cleardoublestandardpage, \cleardoubleemptypage , \cleardoubleplainpage, and \cleardoublepageusingstyle is dependent on the option cleardoublepage described above and is similar to one of the corre- sponding commands above. The same is valid for the standard command \cleardoublepage, that may be either \cleardoubleoddpage or \cleardoubleevenpage.
at the left-hand page and a chapter start at the right-hand page. The picture should have the same size as the text area without any head line or pagination. If the last chapter ends with a left-hand page, an interleaf page has to be added, which should be completely empty. First you will use \KOMAoptions{cleardoublepage=empty} to make interleaf pages empty. You may use this setting at the document pream- ble already. As an alternative you may set it as the optional argument of \documentclass . At the relevant place in your document, you’ll write: \cleardoubleevenemptypage \thispagestyle{empty} \includegraphics[width=\textwidth,% height=\textheight,% keepaspectratio]% {picture} \chapter{Chapter Headline} The first of these lines switches to the next left page. If needed it also adds a completely blank right-hand page. The second line makes sure that the following left-hand page will be set using page style empty too. From third down to sixth line, an external picture of wanted size will be loaded without deformation. Package
Chapter 10: KOMA-Script Features for other Classes with Package scrextend 278 graphicx will be needed for this command. The last line starts a new chapter on the next page which will be a right-hand one. The commands \cleardoubleoddpage respective \cleardoubleevenpage leads to the next odd respectively even page. The page style of an interleaf page will be set depending on option cleardoublepage .
All of what is described in section 3.14 is generally applicable. So if you have alread read and understood section 3.14 you can switch to section 10.12 , page 282
. Package scrextend supports all the footnote features of the KOMA-Script classes. Neverthe- less, by default the footnotes are under full control of the used class. This changes as soon as command
\deffootnote (see
page 280 ) has been used. Package scrextend does not provide settings for the separation line above the footnotes. footnotes=setting At several classes footnotes will be marked with a tiny superscript number in text by default. If more than one footnote falls at the same place, one may think that it is only one footnote with a very large number instead of multiple footnotes (i. e., footnote 12 instead of footnotes 1 and 2). Using footnotes=multiple will separate multiple footnotes immediately next to each other by a separator string. The predefined separator at \multfootsep is a single comma without space. The whole mechanism is compatible with package footmisc, Version 5.3d (see [ Fai11
]). It is related not only to footnotes placed using \footnote , but \footnotemark too. Command
\KOMAoptions or \KOMAoption may be used to switch back to the default footnotes=nomultiple at any time. If any problems using another package that influences footnotes occur, it is recommended not to use the option anywhere and not to change the setting anywhere inside the document. A summary of the available setting values of footnotes may be found at table 3.11 , page 85
. Chapter 10: KOMA-Script Features for other Classes with Package scrextend 279 \footnote[number ]{text } \footnotemark[number ] \footnotetext[number ]{text } \multiplefootnoteseparator \multfootsep Similar to the standard classes, footnotes in KOMA-Script are produced with the \footnote command, or alternatively the paired usage of the commands \footnotemark and \footnotetext. As in the standard classes, it is possible that a page break occurs within a footnote. Normally this happens if the footnote mark is placed so near the bottom of a page as to leave L A TEX no choice but to break the footnote onto the next page. KOMA-Script , unlike the standard classes, can recognize and separate consecutive footnotes automatically. See the previously documented option footnotes for this. If you want to set the separator manually, you may use \multiplefootnoteseparator. Note that this command should not be redefined, because it has been defined not only to be the separator string but also the type style, i. e., font size and superscript. The separator string without type style may be found at \multfootsep. The predefined default is \newcommand*{\multfootsep}{,} and may be changed by redefining the command. Example: Assume you want to place two footnotes following a single word. First you may try
Word\footnote{1st footnote}\footnote{2nd footnote} for this. Assume that the footnotes will be numbered with 1 and 2. Now the reader may think it’s a single footnote 12, because the 2 immediately follows the 1. You may change this using \KOMAoptions{footnotes=multiple} which would switch on the automatic recognition of footnote sequences. As an alternative you may use Word\footnote{1st footnote}% \multiplefootnoteseparator \footnote{2nd footnote} This should give you the wanted result even if the automatic solution would fail or could not be used. Further, assume you want the footnotes separated not only by a single comma, but by a comma and a white space. In this case you may redefine \renewcommand*{\multfootsep}{,\nobreakspace}
Chapter 10: KOMA-Script Features for other Classes with Package scrextend 280 at the document preamble. \nobreakspace instead of a usual space character has been used in this case to avoid paragraph or at least page breaks within footnote sequences. \footref{reference } Sometimes there are single footnotes to multiple text passages. The least sensible way to typeset this would be to repeatedly use \footnotemark with the same manually set number. The disadvantages of this method would be that you have to know the number and manually fix all the \footnotemark commands, and if the number changes because of adding or removing a footnote before, each \footnotemark would have to be changed. Because of this, KOMA- Script provides the use of the \label mechanism in such cases. After simply setting a \label inside the footnote, \footref may be used to mark all the other text passages with the same footnote mark.
a registered trade name. You may write, e. g., Company SplishSplash\footnote{This is a registered trade name. All rights are reserved.\label{refnote}} produces not only SplishPlump\footref{refnote} but also SplishPlash\footref{refnote}. This will produce the same footnote mark three times, but only one footnote text. The first footnote mark is produced by \footnote itself, and the following two footnote marks are produced by the additional \footref commands. The footnote text will be produced by \footnote . Because of setting the additional footnote marks using the \label mechanism, changes of the footnote numbers will need at least two L A TEX runs to ensure correct numbers for all \footref marks. \deffootnote[mark width ]{indent }{parindent }{definition } \deffootnotemark{definition } \thefootnotemark Footnotes are formatted slightly differently in KOMA-Script to in the standard classes. As in the standard classes the footnote mark in the text is depicted using a small superscripted number. The same formatting is used in the footnote itself. The mark in the footnote is type-set right-aligned in a box with width mark width . The first line of the footnote follows directly. All following lines will be indented by the length of indent . If the optional parameter mark width is not specified, it defaults to indent . If the footnote consists of more than one Chapter 10: KOMA-Script Features for other Classes with Package scrextend 281 paragraph, then the first line of a paragraph is indented, in addition to indent , by the value of parindent . Figure 3.1 illustrates the layout parameters. The default configuration of the KOMA-Script classes is: \deffootnote[1em]{1.5em}{1em} {\textsuperscript{\thefootnotemark}} \textsuperscript controls both the superscript and the smaller font size. Command \thefootnotemark is the current footnote mark without any formatting. Package scrextend in contrast to this does not change the default footnote settings of the used class. Loading the package does not change any type style of footnote marks or footnote text in general. You have to copy the above shown source to use the default settings of the KOMA-Script classes with scrextend. This may be done immediately after loading package scrextend. Thefont element footnote determines the font of the footnote including the footnote mark. Using the element footnotelabel the font of the footnote mark can be changed separately with the commands \setkomafont and \addtokomafont (see section 10.6 , page 269
). Please refer also to table 3.2 , page 58 . Default setting is no change in the font. With scrextend the elements may change the fonts only if the footnotes are handled by the package, i. g., after using \deffootnote. The footnote mark in the text is defined separately from the mark in front of the actual footnote. This is done with \deffootnotemark. Default setting is: \deffootnotemark{% \textsuperscript{\thefootnotemark}} In the above the font for the element footnotereference is applied (see table 3.2 , page 58 ). Thus the footnote marks in the text and in the footnote itself are identical. The font can be changed with the commands \setkomafont and \addtokomafont (see section 10.6 , page 269
) after usage of \deffootnotemark. Example: A feature often asked for is footnote marks which are neither in superscript nor in a smaller font size. They should not touch the footnote text but be separated by a small space. This can be accomplished as follows: \deffootnote{1em}{1em}{\thefootnotemark\ } The footnote mark and the following space are therefore set right-aligned into a box of width 1 em. The following lines of the footnote text are also indented by 1 em from the left margin. Another often requested footnote layout is left-aligned footnote marks. These can be obtained with: \deffootnote{1.5em}{1em}{% \makebox[1.5em][l]{\thefootnotemark}}
Chapter 10: KOMA-Script Features for other Classes with Package scrextend 282 If you want however only to change the font for all footnotes, for example to sans serif, you can solve this problem simply by using the commands \setkomafont and \addtokomafont (see section 10.6 , page 269
): \setkomafont{footnote}{\sffamily} \setfootnoterule[thickness ]{length } Generally v3.06 a horizontal rule will be placed between the text area and the footnote area. But normally this rule is not as long as the width of the typing area. With Command \setfootnoterule you may change the thickness and the width of that rule. Thereby the parameters thickness and length will be evaluated not at definition time but when setting the rule itself. If optional argument thickness ha been omitted the thickness of the rule will not be changed. Empty arguments thickness or length are also allowed and do not change the corresponding parameter. Using implausible values may result in warning messages not only setting the arguments but also when KOMA-Script uses the parameters. With element footnoterule the color v3.07
of the rule may be changed using the commands \setkomafont and \addtokomafont for element footnoterule (see section 10.6 , page 269
). Default is no change of font or color. For color changes a color package like xcolor would be needed.
What is written in section 3.17 applies, mutatis mutandis. However, scrextend does not support the commands \setchapterpreamble and \setpartpreamble . You should read the manual of the used class, if you want to know, if that class does support similar commands. So if you have alread read and understood section 3.17 you can jump to section 10.13 on page 283
. Sometimes you may find a dictum, a kind of smart slogan or excerpt, often ragged left above or below the heading of a chapter or section. The text and the source of the slogan often use special styles. Chapter 10: KOMA-Script Features for other Classes with Package scrextend 283 \dictum[author ]{dictum } \dictumwidth \dictumauthorformat{author } \dictumrule \raggeddictum \raggeddictumtext \raggeddictumauthor The command \dictum inserts such a dictum. The dictum together with an optional author is inserted in a \parbox (see [ Tea05b ]) of width \dictumwidth. Yet \dictumwidth is not a length which can be set with \setlength. It is a macro that can be redefined using \renewcommand. Default setting is 0.3333\textwidth, which is a third of the textwidth. The box itself is positioned with the command \raggeddictum. Default here is \raggedleft, that is, right justified. The command \raggeddictum can be redefined using \renewcommand. Within the box the dictum is set using \raggeddictumtext. Default setting is \raggedright , that is, left justified. Similarly to \raggeddictum this can be redefined with \renewcommand . The output uses the default font setting for the element dictum, which can be changed with the commands \setkomafont and \addtokomafont (see section 10.6 , page 269
). Default settings are listed in table 3.16 , page 109 . If there is an author name, it is separated from the dictum by a rule to the full width of the \parbox. This v3.10
rule is defined as vertical object to command \dictumrule: \newcommand*{\dictumrule}{\vskip-1ex\hrulefill\par} The alignment is defined with \raggeddictumauthor. Default is \raggedleft. This command can also be redefined using \renewcommand. The format of the output is de- fined with \dictumauthorformat. This macro expects the author as argument. As default \dictumauthorformat is defined as: \newcommand*{\dictumauthorformat}[1]{(#1)} Thus the author is set enclosed in rounded parentheses. For the element dictumauthor, a different font than for the element dictum can be defined. Default settings are listed in table 3.16 . Changes can be made using the commands \setkomafont and
\addtokomafont (see
section 10.6 , page 269 ). 10.13. Lists All of what is described in section 3.18 is generally applicable. So if you have alread read and understood section 3.18 you can switch to section 10.14 , page 285
. However, scrextend does support only the environments labeling , addmargin and addmargin* . All the other list environments may be supported and controlled by the used class. Both L A
changed or extended all these list are of course offered in KOMA-Script as well. In general, Chapter 10: KOMA-Script Features for other Classes with Package scrextend 284 all lists — even of different kind — can be nested up to four levels. From a typographical view, anything more would make no sense, as more than three levels can no longer be easily perceived. The recommended procedure in such a case is to split the large list into several smaller ones. Because lists are standard elements of L A TEX this section abandons on examples. Neverthe- less, you may find examples either in section 3.18 from page 111
or in almost every introduction to L
A TEX.
\begin{labeling}[delimiter ]{widest pattern } \item[keyword ] . . . ...
\end{labeling} An additional form of a description list is only available in the KOMA-Script classes and the package scrextend: the labeling environment. Unlike the description environment, you can provide a pattern whose length determines the indentation of all items. Furthermore, you can put an optional delimiter between the item and its description. The font v3.02
which is responsible for emphasizing the item and the separator can be changed with the com- mands \setkomafont and \addtokomafont (see section 10.6 , page 269
) for the element labelinglabel and labelingseparator (see table 3.2 , page 58
). Originally, this environment was implemented for things like “Precondition, Assertion, Proof”, or “Given, Required, Solution” that are often used in lecture hand-outs. By now this environment has found many different applications. For example, the environment for examples in this guide was defined with the labeling environment. \begin{addmargin}[left indentation ]{indentation } . . . \end{addmargin} \begin{addmargin*}[inner indentation ]{indentation } . . . \end{addmargin*} Similar to quote and
quotation which are available at the standard classes and also the KOMA-Script classes the addmargin environment changes the margin. In contrast to the first two environments, with addmargin the user can set the width of the indentation. Besides this, this environment does not change the indentation of the first line nor the vertical spacing between paragraphs. If only the obligatory argument indentation is given, both the left and right margin are expanded by this value. If the optional argument left indentation is given as well, then at the left margin the value left indentation is used instead of indentation . The starred addmargin* only differs from the normal version in a two-sided layout. Fur- thermore, the difference only occurs if the optional argument inner indentation is used. In this case this value inner indentation is added to the normal inner indentation. For right-hand pages this is the left margin, for left-hand pages the right margin. Then the value of indentation determines the width of the opposite margin. Both versions of this environment take also negative values for all parameters. This has the effect of expanding the environment into the margin. Chapter 10: KOMA-Script Features for other Classes with Package scrextend 285 Whether a page is going to be on the left or right side of the book can not be determined for certain in the first L A TEX run. For details please refer to the explanation of the commands \ifthispageodd ( section 10.8 , page 274
) and \ifthispagewasodd ( section 21.1 , page 441
). There may be several questions about coexistence of lists and paragraphs. Because of this additional information may be found at the description of option parskip in section 21.1 , page 441
. Also at the expert part, in section 21.1 , page 441 , you may find additional information about page breaks inside of addmargin*. 10.14. Margin Notes All of what is described in section 3.21 is generally applicable. So if you have alread read and understood section 3.21 you can switch to chapter 11 , page 286
. Aside from the text area, that normally fills the typing area, usually a marginalia column may be found. Margin notes will be printed at this area. At lot of them may be found in this manual.
\marginpar[margin note left ]{margin note } \marginline{margin note } Usually margin notes in L A TEX are inserted with the command \marginpar. They are placed in the outer margin. In documents with one-sided layout the right border is used. Though \marginpar can take an optional different margin note argument in case the output is in the left margin, margin notes are always set in justified layout. However, experience has shown that many users prefer left- or right-aligned margin notes instead. To facilitate this, KOMA-Script offers the command \marginline. An example for this may be found in section 3.21 at page 136
. Experts and advanced users may find information about problems using \marginpar at section 21.1 , page 441 . These are valid for \marginline also. Chapter 11: Support for the Law Office by scrjura 286 Support for the Law Office by scrjura In case you’d like to write a contract, the bylaws of a company or of the club, an act of law or a whole commentary, the package scrjura will provide typographical support. Despite the fact that scrjura is intended as a broad help for juridical documents, the contract is the central element of the package. Particular attention is being paid to the clause with numbered title and numbered paragraphs — if a clause consists of more than one paragraph —, even numbered sentences, entries in the table of contents and cross references according to German standards. The package has been developed in cooperation with Dr Alexander Willand, lawyer in Karlsruhe. Note that the package cooperates with hyperref. Nevertheless, hyperref has to be loaded after scrjura as usual.
All of what is described in section 2.4 is generally applicable. So if you have alread read and understood section 2.4 you can switch to section 11.2 , page 287
. In this section a peculiarity of KOMA-Script is presented, which, apart from the scrjura package, is also relevant to other KOMA-Script packages and classes. Such that the user can find all information corresponding to a single package or a single class in the relevant chapter, this section is found almost identically in several chapters. Users who are not only interested in a particular package or class, but wish to gain an overview of KOMA-Script as a whole, may read the section in one chapter and may thereafter skip it wherever coming across it in the document. \documentclass[option list ]{KOMA - Script class } \usepackage[option list ]{package list } In L A
keywords as optional arguments to \documentclass. Apart from being passed to the class, these options are also passed on to all packages which can understand the options. Provision is also made for the user to pass optional arguments as a comma-separated list of keywords as optional arguments to \usepackage. KOMA-Script expands v3.00 the option mechanism for the KOMA-Script classes and various packages to use further possibilities. Thus, most KOMA- Script options can also take a value. An option may have not only the form Option , but may also have the form option =value . Apart from this difference \documentclass and \usepackage function the same in KOMA-Script as described in [ Tea05b
] or any introduction to L
A TEX, for example [ OPHS11 ].
\documentclass and \usepackage is not robust. So commands, lengths, counters and such Chapter 11: Support for the Law Office by scrjura 287 constructs may break inside the optional argument of these commands. Because of this, the usage of a L A TEX length inside the value of an option would cause an error before KOMA-Script can get the control over the option execution. So, if you want to use a L A TEX length, counter or command a part of the value of an option, you have to use \KOMAoptions or \KOMAoption . These commands will be described next. \KOMAoptions{option list } \KOMAoption{option }{value list } KOMA-Script v3.00
offers most class and package options the opportunity to change the value of options even after loading of the class or package. One may then change the values of a list of options at will with the \KOMAoptions command. Each option in the option list has the form option =value . Some options also have a default value. If one does not give a value, i. e., gives the option simply in the form option , then the default value will be used. Some options can assume several values simultaneously. For such options there exists the possibility, with the help of \KOMAoption, to pass a single option a list of values. The individual values are given as a comma-separated value list . To implement this possibility KOMA-Script uses the commands \FamilyOptions and
\FamilyOption with the family “KOMA”. For more information in these commands see part II ,
, page 313
. 11.2. Text Markup What is described in section 3.6 applies, mutatis mutandis. So if you have alread read and understood section 3.7 you can switch to page 308
. L A TEX offers different possibilities for logical and direct markup of text. Selection of the font family commands, as well as choosing the font size and width is supported. More information about the standard font facilities may be found at [ OPHS11
], [ Tea05b
], and [ Tea05a
]. \setkomafont{element }{commands } \addtokomafont{element }{commands } \usekomafont{element } With v2.8p
the help of the two commands \setkomafont and \addtokomafont, it is possible to define the commands that change the characteristics of a given element . Theoretically, all possible statements including literal text could be used as commands . You should, however, absolutely limit yourself to those statements that really switch only one font attribute. This will usually be the commands \normalfont, \rmfamily, \sffamily, \ttfamily, \mdseries, \bfseries , \upshape, \itshape, \slshape, and \scshape, as well as the font size commands \Huge
, \huge, \LARGE, \Large, \large, \normalsize, \small, \footnotesize, \scriptsize, and \tiny. The description of these commands can be found in [ OPHS11 ], [
Tea05b ], or
Chapter 11: Support for the Law Office by scrjura 288 [ Tea05a ]. Color switching commands like \normalcolor (see [ Car05
] and [ Ker07
]) are also acceptable. The behavior when using other commands, especially those that make redefinitions or generate output, is not defined. Strange behavior is possible and does not represent a bug. The command \setkomafont provides a font switching command with a completely new definition. In contrast to this, the \addtokomafont command merely extends an existing definition. It is recommended to not use both commands inside the document body, but only in the document preamble. Usage examples can be found in the paragraphs on the corresponding element. With command \usekomafont the current font style may be changed into the font style of the selected element . \usefontofkomafont{element } \useencodingofkomafont{element } \usesizeofkomafont{element } \usefamilyofkomafont{element } \useseriesofkomafont{element } \useshapeofkomafont{element } Sometimes v3.12
and despite the recommendation users use the font setting feature of elements not only for font settings but for other settings too. In this case it may be useful to switch only to the font setting of an element but not to those other settings. You may use \usefontofkomafont in such cases. This will activate the font size and baseline skip, the font encoding, the font family, the font series, and the font shape of an element, but no further settings as long as those further settings are local. You may also switch to one of those attributes only using one of the other commands. Note, that \usesizeofkomafont will activate both, the font size and the baseline skip. You should not misunderstand these commands as a legitimation of using all kind of com- mands at the font setting of an element. Hence this would result in errors sooner or later (see section 21.3 , page 444 ). 11.3. Table of Contents The package scrjura provides entries into the table of contents. juratotoc=simple switch juratotoc=level number A clause is being shown in the table of contents only, if its level number is smaller or equal to the counter tocdepth (see
section 3.9 , page 72 ). Default for the level number is 10000, which as well will be used, if the option is switched off by the simple switch (see table 2.5 , page 39 ). Because the counter tocdepth
usually has a one digit value, clause entries are not shown in the table of contents. Chapter 11: Support for the Law Office by scrjura 289 If you switch on the option using the simple switch , as a default level number 2 is used, so that clauses are shown in the table of contents on the same level as subsections. If the counter
tocdepth has default values as well, clauses are shown with all KOMA-Script classes. juratocindent=indent juratocnumberwidth=number width These two options can be used to determine the indentation in the table of contents as well as the reserved space for the numbers there. Defaults are the values for the subsection entries in scrartcl.
The main mechanism of scrjura only work inside of the contract environment. \begin{contract} . . . \end{contract} Till this date, this is the one and only environment for legal practitioner provided by scrjura. Using it will activate the automatic numbering of paragraphs and the commands \Clause and
\SubClause will become a form, which will be documented below. The environment contract
must not be nested in itself. Within the document the environ- ment may be used several times. In this case the clauses within the environment are treated as if they were within the same environment. Ending the environment means just a break and with beginning a new environment in the same document the former environment is continued. A break inside a clause is not possible. contract
The whole document becomes a contract if you use this option while loading the package with \usepackage or as a global option with \documentclass . The document behaves as if you started the contract environment right after the beginning of the document. Neither you can use this option with \KOMAoption nor with \KOMAoptions , so that it is not possible to switch the option off in this way. Please use the contract environment directly. 11.4.1. Clauses With scrjura clauses 1 in a legal sense only exist inside of contracts, meaning inside of the environment contract
. 1 In English, the word “section” also is used in an act of law or in an agreement. To distinguish \section of most document classes from the section in scrjura, we decided to call the section in the latter simply “clause”.
Chapter 11: Support for the Law Office by scrjura 290 Table 11.1.: Possible properties for the optional argument of \Clause and \SubClause dummy The heading will not be printed but counted in the automatic numbering. head=running head If running heads are available, running head is used instead of the clause title . nohead The running head stays unchanged. notocentry Does not make an entry into the table of contents. number=number Uses number for the output of the clause number. preskip=skip Changes the vertical skip before the clause heading. postskip=skip Changes the vertical skip after the clause heading. title=title Additional to the clause number a clause title will be printed. This is also used as default for the running head and the entry in the table of contents. tocentry=entry Independent from the clause title , an entry into the table of contents will be made, if such entries are activated. \Clause[options ] \SubClause[options ] These are the most important commands inside of a contract. Without using further options the command \Clause creates the heading of a clause, which consists only of the sign »§«, followed by its number. In contrast to this the command \SubClause creates the heading of a clause with the last number used by \Clause and adds a lowercase letter. \SubClause mainly is intended for cases where an act or a contract is amended and not only clauses are changed or deleted, but between existing clauses new ones are inserted without changing the numbering. Both commands except as options a list separated by commas of properties. An overview over possible properties is provided by table 11.1 . For the most important of them we will go into the details. Chapter 11: Support for the Law Office by scrjura 291 A skip of two lines is inserted before the heading and afterwards a skip of one line as a default. Via the options preskip and postskip these skips can be changed. The new values are not only valid for the current clause but beginning with the actual clause until the end of the current contract environment. It is possible as well to set these keys in advance by writing
postskip=skip } independently from a clause and outside of a contract environment as well. Also it is possible to set the keys inside of the preamble after loading scrjura. But it is not possible to set these options while loading the package or by using \KOMAoptions or \KOMAoption . The headings use as a default the fonts \sffamily\bfseries\large. The fonts can be changed using the element contract.Clause with the help of \setkomafont and \addtokomafont (see section 3.6 , page 287
). Inside the contract
environment instead of contract.Clause simply Clause may be used. With the options title, head, and tocentry a clause may get in addition to the number a title. It is recommended to put the value of these options inside brackets. Failing this, e.g., commas may lead to confusion between different options. Empty values for head and tocentry cause an empty entry. If one would like to avoid an entry, the options nohead and notocentry have to be used. Instead of the running numbers the option number manually sets the number of a clause. This will have no impact on the numbers of the subsequent clauses. Empty numbers are not possible. Fragile commands inside number have to be protected with \protect. It is recommended only to use numbers and letters as assignment to number. With the option dummy the output of the whole heading of a clause can be suppressed. The automatic numbering will count this clause nonetheless. Thus you can skip a clause in the automatic numbering with \Clause{dummy} in case the clause has been deleted in a later version of a contract. Note, only the values true and false may be used in combination with dummy. All other values will be ignored, but may throw up an error. \Clauseformat{number } As already mentioned the clauses and subclauses usually are being numbered. The format of the number is done with the help of the command \Clauseformat, which expects as one and only argument the number. The default is defined as \newcommand*{\Clauseformat}[1]{\S~#1} and, as you see, it is only the \S followed by a non-breaking space and the number. In case of redefinition take care to keep it expandable. Chapter 11: Support for the Law Office by scrjura 292 Table 11.2.: Possible values for option clausemark for activation of running heads both Clauses generate left and right marks for running heads, if the document provides automatic running heads. false
, off, no Clauses do not generate marks for running heads and therefore do not change running heads. forceboth Clauses use \markboth to generate left and right marks for running heads even if the document does not provide automatic running heads for the current page style. forceright Clauses use \markright to generate right marks for running heads even if the doc- ument does not provide automatic running heads for the current page style. right
Clauses generate right marks for running heads, if the document provides automatic running heads. juratitlepagebreak=simple switch Usually a page break inside a heading is prohibited. Some jurists may need page breaks inside of clause headings. Such a break may be allowed using juratitlepagebreak. The possible values for simple switch are printed in table 2.5 , page 39 . clausemark=value Clauses are a kind of inferior structure with an independent numbering they will not have running headlines as a default. Running headlines are possible and may be created with alternative properties. The possible values and their meaning are listed in table 11.2 .
Within clauses the paragraphs are being numbered automatically. With this, the paragraphs are a strongly structuring element, similar to \paragraph or \subparagraph known, e. g., from article classes. Contracts usually use a vertical skip between paragraphs. The package scrjura does not provide its own mechanism for this. Instead, it uses the option parskip
of the KOMA-Script classes (see section 3.10 , page 74 ). Chapter 11: Support for the Law Office by scrjura 293 parnumber=value The default numbering of paragraphs is parnumber=auto and parnumber=true. Once in a while it might be necessary to switch off the automatic numbering. This is done with parnumber=false . In this case the numbering of sentences will be reseted. To realise this way of numbering paragraphs it has been necessary to gear into the paragraph building mechanism of L A TEX. In rare cases there is a negative impact, which can be avoided by switching to parnumber=manual. On the other hand L A TEXitself sometimes undoes the change. In those cases one has to activate it again with parnumber=auto. In a clause which consist of only one paragraph, the paragraph usually has no number. This does only work if there are not two clauses with an identical number in a document. Note that the number of paragraphs in a clause is not available before the end of the clause. Therefore you need a least two L A TEX runs to get the correct, automatic paragraph numbering. par \thepar
\parformat \parformatseparation For numbering the paragraphs inside a clause we use the counter par. The output of \thepar will display an arabic number, because the default is \arabic{par}. \parformat provides the format, which is \thepar in rounded brackets. For numbering a paragraph manually, use \parformat as well. It makes sense to call \parformat with a following \nobreakspace or a tilde.
The v0.7
output of \parformat is followed by one or more delimiter(s). These are provided by \parformatseparation , which currently consists of \nonbreakspace, the non-breakable inter word distance. Package scrjura assumes internally, that \thepar is an arabic number. Don’t redefine! \ellipsispar[number ] \parellipsis Sometimes v0.7 — particularly in comparisons — it is desirable to omit paragraphs, but to mark the omission. Those omitted paragraphs shall be included in the counter of the paragraphs. The package scrjura provides the command \ellipsispar to do this. By default \ellipsispar omits precisely one paragraph. Using the optional argument multiple paragraphs may be omitted. In any case the output shows just one not numbered paragraph, which only consists of the ellipsis defined by \parellipsis. The automatic num- bering of paragraphs takes the number of omitted paragraphs into account. Example: Supposed you are writing a »comment« of the German 2 penal code, but only 2 We have decided to translate it into English. But please remember, it is only an example not of existing law but of a technical realisation with scrjura.
Chapter 11: Support for the Law Office by scrjura 294 paragraph 3 of § 2. Nevertheless you’d like to hint at the omission. This can be done this way: \documentclass[parskip=half]{scrartcl} \usepackage{scrjura} \begin{document} \begin{contract} \Clause{title={Temporal application},number=2} \ellipsispar[2] If, subsequent to the commission of a criminal offence, the law provides for a lighter penalty, that penalty shall be applicable. \ellipsispar[3] \end{contract} \end{document} To see the result, just give it a try. The ellipsis is by default \textellipsis, if such a command is defined. If not, \dots will be used. \parellipsis may be redefined with \renewcommand. 11.4.3. Sentences In a contract the paragraphs consist of one or more sentences. In German acts of law it is common to number the sentences as well. Regarding scrjura, an automatic numbering is cumbersome and error-prone and has not been implemented yet. sentence \thesentence \Sentence Manual numbering of sentences is done with the command \Sentence. It adds one to the counter sentence. As a default, \thesentence is printed as an arabic number. Using babel offers an easy way to define a short hand for \Sentence: \useshorthands{’} \defineshorthand{’S}{\Sentence\ignorespaces} With this definition any space after ’S will be ignored. It is even possible to use the dot as abbrevation for dot and new number of the following sentence: \defineshorthand{’.}{. \Sentence\ignorespaces} These abbrevations have been tried and tested. For details regarding \useshorthands and \defineshorthands please consult the manual of the package babel (see [ BB13 ]).
Chapter 11: Support for the Law Office by scrjura 295 11.5. Cross References The conventional mechanism to set cross references using \label, \ref, and \pageref does not suffice. scrjura provides more commands. \ref{label } \refL{label } \refS{label } \refN{label } The commands \refL, \refS, and \refN give a full reference to clause, paragraph and sen- tence. \refL is a long text, \refS a short text and \refN an abbreviated, numeric form. \ref defaults to \refL. \refClause{label } \refClauseN{label } For a cross reference to to a clause without displaying paragraph and sentences as well. \refClause puts a section symbol (§) in front of the reference, while \refClauseN does not.
\refPar{label } \refParL{label } \refParS{label } \refParN[number format ]{label } You can make a cross reference to a paragraph using \refParL, \refParS and \refParN. The differences between the forms correspond to the differences between \refL ,
and \refS
. A special feature is the optional argument of \refParN. Usually the numeric reference to a paragraph uses a roman number. The optional argument allows to set a different number
, it may make sense to use arabic numbers. \refPar defaults to \refParL. \refSentence{label } \refSentenceL{label } \refSentenceS{label } \refSentenceN{label } You can make a cross reference to a sentence with \refSentenceL, \refSentenceS, or \refSentenceN . Again we have a long text form, a short text form and a numerical form. \refSentence defaults to \refSentenceL.
Chapter 11: Support for the Law Office by scrjura 296 Table 11.3.: Possible values for option ref to configure the cross reference format of \ref ,
, and
\refSentence long
Combination of parlong and sentencelong. numeric
Combination of parnumeric and sentencenumeric. clauseonly , onlyclause, ClauseOnly, OnlyClause Combination of paroff and sentenceoff; note that \refPar and
\refSentence have empty results! parlong , longpar, ParL Paragraphs are referenced in long textual form. parnumeric , numericpar, ParN Paragraphs are referenced in simple numerical form. paroff , nopar
Paragraphs have not reference. Note that \refPar
has an empty result! parshort
, shortpar, ParS Paragraphs are referenced in short textual form. sentencelong , longsentence, SentenceL Sentences are referenced in long textual form. sentencenumeric , numericsentence, SentenceN Sentences are referenced in simple numeric form. sentenceoff , nosentence Sentences have no reference. Note that \refSentence has an empty result! sentenceshort , shortsentence, SentenceS Sentences are referenced in short textual form. short Combination if parshort and sentenceshort. Chapter 11: Support for the Law Office by scrjura 297 Table 11.4.: Example outputs of the ref-independent cross refer- ence commands Command Example output \refL {label } § 1 paragraph 1 sentence 1 \refS
{label } § 1 par. 1 sent. 1 \refN {label } Yüklə 2,79 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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