18
EMOTIONAL MEMORY (1911-1916)
The term ‘Emotional Memory’ has been subject to much controversy and raises many
heated arguments amongst theorists and practitioners in the United States where it is most
popular. Quite simply, this term was espoused by Stanislavski during his earlier teaching
experiments at the First Studio in Moscow (1911-1916). In his later years, he rejected ‘Emotional
Memory’ in favor of the ‘Method of Physical Actions’ discussed earlier in this chapter. However, in
the United States, different interpretations of emotional memory prevailed and have become the
mainstay of what has come to be known as the American ‘Method.’
The phenomenon of the ‘Method’ came into the United states through various Russian
émigrés. Two such émigrés, Richard Boleslavsky and Maria Ouspenskaya who had studied with
Stanislavski during his First Studio days started teaching Stanislavski’s ‘Method’
in New York at
the American Laboratory Theatre in 1925. It was this ‘Method’ that used ‘Emotional Memory’ as the
basis of its technique back in early twentieth century Russia that was transported to the United
States. One of Boleslavsky and Ouspenskaya’s students was Lee Strasberg, who subsequently
built his entire (Stanislavskian) actor training method based primarily on Emotional Memory. This
occurred, ironically, long after it had been rejected by Stanislavski himself. In fact, Strasberg’s
‘Affective Memory’
8
taught later at the Actor’s Studio in 1949 was very similar to Stanislavski’s
teachings in Russia in 1911 with some distortions. Strasberg ignored major contributions and
changes made later by Stanislavski in actor training in the mid thirties. Hence there is confusion
because though the ‘American Method’ in its evolved form is mainly Strasbergian, it is mistaken for
Stanislavski’s teachings by many American acting students.
19
In order to facilitate the discussion of Emotional Memory, I have divided it in three areas.
The first area examines how it was discovered and practiced by Stanislavski from 1911-1916. The
second area examines Stanislavski’s rejection of Emotional Memory due to its limitations and
impracticality. The third is a brief chronology of the evolution of the ‘Method’ with its emphasis on
Affective Memory.
Dostları ilə paylaş: