Proton stopping power (keV/
µ
m)
Luminescence yield (a.u.)
62 MeV-PSI
24 MeV-LNS
Linear
responce
∆
x=0.1 mm
∆
E
Eo
Eo-
∆
E
0
4
5
3
7
6
Fig. 2. Luminescence yields as a function of the proton
stopping powers.
Table 1
Physical characteristics of the polyvinyltoluene scintillator
Monomer
C
9
H
10
Effective mass number
0.542
Density (g/cm
3
)
1.032
Maximum light emission (nm)
423
Refraction index
1.58
Attenuation length (cm)
250
Specific heat (J/g 1C)
1.7
Softening temperature (1C)
70
L. Torrisi / Radiation Physics and Chemistry 63 (2002) 89–92
90
The radiation damage effect increases with the
stopping power of the incident particle and with the
ion dose. The damage produces a decrease in lumines-
cence. For 60 MeV proton irradiation (stopping power
1.1 keV/mm), this reduction is about 15% at a dose
of 1 kGy. The same decrement is obtained with
300 keV protons (stopping power 65.8 keV/mm) at about
60 kGy dose and with 300 keV argon (stopping power
705 keV/mm) at about 500 kGy dose.
Fig. 4 shows a comparison between the emission
spectra from PVTas a function of the irradiation dose
for 300 keV protons and 300 keV argon beams. All
spectra are induced by a 300 nm excitation wavelength.
In conclusion, ion irradiation of PVTdrastically
produces polymer modifications. Damage appears at
doses of the order of 10
12
ions/cm
2
, at which a low
hydrogen desorption occurs. It becomes predominant at
doses of about 10
13
ions/cm
2
, at which hydrogen and
C
x
H
y
groups are ejected. At higher values, correspond-
ing to MGy absorber doses, the polymer transforms in
hydrogenated amorphous carbon and loosens its lumi-
nescence characteristics, according to the literature
(Torrisi et al., 1997b).
References
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60
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