Qualifications of pedagogues under bukhara state university

2.2. The procedure of Information Gap Activity to improve speaking skill in class
Here are the procedures of using information gap activity technique to promote interaction and communication:
1) Pre-teach and practice vocabulary and structures for the particular task. Learners should also be familiar with question and answer formulas like “can you play football?” or “what are you doing?”
2) Explaining the information-gap procedures by modeling a sample gap activity technique with an able volunteer from the class.
3) Asking a learner to model the asking and answering of questions in the information gap activity technique before the whole class begins the activity.
4) Learners ask and answer questions and record answers until both form “A” and form “B” have been completed.
5) Asking learners to compare their papers with each other.
6) To complete the activity as a whole group, you can ask volunteers to come up to the board or overhead to fill in information they’ve gathered from their partner. This helps solidify the knowledge and gives some slower learners a chance to catch up and check their work without stress.
Information gap activity is really helpful activity to improve learning skills of the students, as well as it is beneficial for the students who lack confidence and vocabulary to share their ideas or shy when they are asked to answer in front of the class, these activities give opportunities for them to practice speaking. Moreover, these activities can make the teaching learning situation more interesting, as they are hold between students, not a teacher and students. It means, the teacher is only facilitator, not controller and teacher can show how to do the activity as a modeling, so that learners can follow the instruction and do the task. The students are not just sitting and listening to the teacher’s explanation, but they can interact with their friends, enhance their confidence.
In Information gap activity teacher just explains the task, gives necessary vocabulary and instruction. Then, students are asked to fulfill the task by themselves. Each learner should take part in the process, because the task cannot be accomplished without everyone’s participation. Many information gap activities are highly motivational because of the nature of the various tasks. The most effective task is problem solving. Teacher should know the level of the students in order to choose suitable level of difficulty task. If the task is given beforehand, then any level can be acceptable. Information gap activities allow students to use linguistic forms and functions in practice. Students will have to remember all grammar materials and learnt vocabulary to communicate with their classmates during the lesson. The best part is that they’re very flexible and can be adapted for virtually any topic or lesson, just like the

majority of ESL activities. For example, you can easily use an information gap activity as a way to review and practice new vocabulary, parts of speech and topic-based dialogues.
There are several ways of implementing information gap activities in teaching languages and can be used with language learners in order to improve their speaking skills:
■ Spot the difference activity - Learners work in pairs. Each of them is given a set of two very similar pictures (Picture A and B) with only a few differences. They cannot see each other´s picture, thus they take turns in describing their pictures and asking questions and together they try to find all differences.
■ Guess the card - Learners work with partners. One pupil holds a card so that their partner cannot see. The partner must ask “yes/no questions” to determine what is on the card. Often teachers structure this activity to fit with the theme of a particular unit.
■ Fill in the chart - Learners work with their partners. Both learners are given tables with information missing. What is missing in one partner’s table is there on the other partner’s table and vice versa. Pupils must ask each other questions to discover what is missing in each of their tables.

So, information gap activities can be used in any level to promote speaking tasks as they provide optimization of time for learners to speak in class.
it can be said that implementation of information gap activities in teaching English helps move the learners from working in a more structured environment into a more communicative environment, as they are hopefully using lots of the target language, and in the process discovering where they have gaps, in addition, as an essential part of the learning process they:
● enable them to practice the target language in meaningful context;
● improve their different skills needed for the language acquisition process;
● offer a variety of experiences and improves four main language skills;
● promote a learner-centered classroom;
● increase intrinsic motivation;
● enhance peer-to-peer collaboration;
● help to consolidate the vocabulary and grammar rules of the previous lessons, as well.