Guidelines
The New Zealand guidelines referred to for DR screening are the National Diabetes Retinal Screening Grading System and Referral Guidelines (Ministry of Health 2008). These are based on available evidence about retinal screening and referral and are currently undergoing review. The guidelines are specifically for ophthalmologists, optometrists and those involved in photographic retinal screening but are a relevant reference tool in order to provide a nationally consistent approach for screening, recall and referral for individuals diagnosed with diabetes. A summary as it relates to Standard 9 is as follows:
all people with diabetes are at risk of developing retinopathy
duration of diabetes is one of the most important factors determining presence of diabetic retinopathy (DR)
substantial evidence is available showing the cost effectiveness and benefits of eye screening as part of DR prevention and prevention of loss of vision.
The Screening for Diabetic Retinopathy in Primary Care (The Best Practice Advocacy Centre New Zealand 2010) is a useful document for other health care providers/professionals. It contains background, a referral process for screening, screening intervals and methods, management suggestions for risk factors for DR and a summary of DR characteristics and its treatment.
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