Diabetes presents a serious health challenge for New Zealand because it is a significant cause of ill health and premature death. It is well-recognised that self-care in diabetes can be demanding and is influenced by numerous factors (Snell 2011). Diabetes is considered to be a relatively unique long term condition due to treatment regimens being carried out largely through self-care. Indeed, Anderson et al (1995) estimate that 95% of required care is provided by the person with diabetes and/or their family. This is supported by the findings of a large public health survey on people with a long term condition that states that of the potential 8760 hours in one year, on average only three hours is spent with a health professional, leaving the person with 8756 hours to care for themselves (United Kingdom National Health Service 2007). According to Norris et al (2002), a minimum knowledge base is required for optimal self-care. In addition, several psychosocial mediators are related to diabetes self-care behaviour, such as locus of control, coping styles, health beliefs and self-efficacy.
