5 protein: ‘Warming has disrupted its [= Lake
Tanganyika’s] ecosystem, and fish numbers have
dropped sharply. In turn, this decline in fish stocks
has impacted on families living in villages and
towns around the lake, since they have no other
source of protein.’
6 employment: ‘These companies provide them
[= 100,000 people] with regular employment,
without which communities will not survive.’
‘Communities’ might be tempting, but the word
does not collocate with ‘fisheries give’.
7 bacteria: ‘In the past, people admired its beautiful
green-blue colour. However, the water now has a
red tint [= the colour has changed]. The reason for
this [= change] is that bacteria quickly multiply in
the warm waters of a shallow lake.’
8 Tourism: ‘As a result, in the last decade, there has
been a downturn [= a decline] in tourism in the
area, an industry many people depended on.’
Distraction ‘Industry’ cannot be used in the space
because this would imply that all kinds of industry
were affected.
9 TRUE: ‘While scientists had suspected [= believed]
that Poopó would eventually run dry [= finally
disappear], they didn’t expect that this would occur
for at least another thousand years.’
10 nOT giVEn: We are only told that ‘The local mining
industry had already contributed to [= added to] the
pollution of the lake,’ but there is no information
about any steps or activities to reduce its impact.
11 TRUE: The writer explains that ‘On average, the
surface water of the world’s lakes has gone up in
temperature by 0.34°C every ten years.’ The writer
says that this trend is seen in Lake Tanganyika – but
this lake is ‘by no means [= certainly not] the most
extreme example’. He then says that ‘This [= the
most extreme example] would be Lake Fracksjön
in Sweden, where an increase of 1.35°C per decade
has been observed.’
12 FALSE: ‘The cause of [= the reason for] the lake’s
decline has not yet been established [= no-one is
sure why it happened], but drought is among the
suspects’ [= drought is a possible reason, but no-
one is certain].
13 nOT giVEn: We are only told that ‘Clay, sand and
other fine material plugged [= blocked/filled] the
hole and the lake started to fill with water again.’
We don’t know whether it was rain that refilled the
lake, or whether it was refilled by other means, e.g.
pipes/hoses.
