Saminathan Ratnapandian



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Plasma processing

Traditional wet chemistry

Medium

No wet chemistry involved;. treatment by excited gas

Water based

Energy

Electricity – only free electrons heated (<1% of system mass)

Heat – entire system mass temperature raised

Reaction type

Complex, multi-functional and simultaneous

Relatively simpler, well established

Reaction location

Surface specific, unaltered bulk properties

Bulk of material is usually affected

Potential for new processes

High, rapidly developing field

Low technological growth

Equipment

Experimental, laboratory and prototype, rapid development

Mature, slow evolution

Energy consumption

Low

High

Water consumption

Negligible

High

Consistent with the above discussion, treatment of wool with plasma has been reported to affect the lipid layer and surface cuticle without changing the bulk properties. This results in higher wettability and increased dye up-take, leading to improvements in the depth of shade and evenness. The available literature relates only to different classes of synthetic dyes [157-159]. It has also been suggested that intrinsic dye hydrophilicity is a deciding factor in this improvement [160]. Hence atmospheric pressure plasma pretreatment of wool was expected to improve padding with natural dyes.





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