2.2 Seasonal phenology of leaf galls under natural
condition
Phenological studies were carried out on galled leaf
samples collected randomly from C.verum (Fig.1a).
Galled leaves were collected monthly, through random
sampling and galled leaf samples were put in polythene
bags and transported to the laboratory for further
observation under stereomicroscope. Data were recorded
on the number of immature and mature galls developed on
the abaxial and adaxial surfaces of the leaves. The size of
individual gall was measured using a vernier calliper and
Paper ID: SUB15345
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