Shuxratov Raxmatillo 1-amaliy topshiriq

2 - topshiriq bo`yicha qisqacha nazariy ma’lumot

VTP (ingliz. VLAN Trunking Protocol) - lokal hisoblash tarmog`i protokoli bo`lib, tanlangan trank portda VLAN haqida axborot almashish uchun xizmat qiladi. VTP – vlan larni dinamik tarzda sinxronizatsiyalash uchun ishlatiladi; 3 xil rejimi mavjud:
1.Client – VLAN larni o`zgartirish, o`chirish, yaratish mumkin emas;
2.Transparent – bunda, switch da sinxronizatsiya amalga oshirilmaydi, switch faqat o`tkazuvchi vazifasini bajaradi;
3. Server – VLAN bilan istalgan funktsiyalarni bajarish mumkin;
Vtp serverda vlan yaratiladi Clientlar avtomatik serverda yaratilgan VLAN larni qabul qiladi. Xavfsizlik ta ‘minlash maqsadida bu protokolda Client switch vlan yarata olmaydi, faqat foydalanuvchilarni o`zlariga biriktira oladi. Tarmoqda qandaydir o’zgarish yuz bersa (masalan yangi vlan qo`shilishi yoki olib tashlash) faqat VTP server orqali amalga oshiriladi.
VTP-da uchta xabar turi mavjud:

1. 
   Advertisement requests
   

Summary Advertisement Alert uchun mijozdan serverga so'rov taqdim etadi

2. 
   Summary advertisements
   

Ushbu standart xabar server har 5 daqiqada yoki konfiguratsiyani o'zgartirgandan so'ng darhol yuboradi.

3. 
   Subset advertisements
   

VLAN konfiguratsiyasini o'zgartirgandan so'ng, shuningdek, ogohlantirish so'rovidan keyin darhol yuboriladi.
VLAN ma'lumotlar bazasining yangi versiyasi serverdan olgan mijoz uni boshqa barcha trank portlarga uzatadi, agar uning orqasida yana VTP Client lari va VTP Transparent lari bo`lsa, ular ham ushbu yangilanishlarni oladi.
VTP protokolining bazaviy sozlamasi
switch(config)#vtp mode - bu yerda kerakli rejim tanlanadi: server, client,
transparent yoki off.
Protokol versiyasi tanlanadi:
Switch(config)# vtp version 2 Domen va parol kiritiladi:
Switch(config)# vtp domain - domen nomi Switch(config)# vtp password parol [hidden | secret] Kerakli rejimga o‘tiladi:
Switch(config)# vtp mode server | client | transparent | off
Yuqoridagi buyruqlardan so‘ng VTP yoqiladi, biroq, zarur vaqtda uni ma’lum bir interfeyslarda o‘chirib qo‘yish ham mumkin:
Switch(config-if) # no vtp
Protokol sozlamalarini ko‘rish uchun quyidagi buyruqlarni kiritish kerak:
Switch# show vtp status
Switch# show vtp devices
Switch# show vtp interface

VTP SERVER
Switch>en
Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#hostname SW1 SW1(config)#vtp mode server Device mode already VTP SERVER.
SW1(config)#vtp password cisco
SW1(config)#vtp domain tuit
Changing VTP domain name from NULL to tuit
%The VTP password cannot be set for NULL domain
SW1(config)#
SW1(config)#vlan 10
SW1(config-vlan)#name student
SW1(config-vlan)#exit
SW1(config)#vlan 20
SW1(config-vlan)#name kafedra
SW1(config-vlan)#exit
SW1(config)#vlan 30
SW1(config-vlan)#name test SW1(config-vlan)#exit
SW1(config)#int ran f0/1-2
SW1(config-if-range)#switch mode trunk
SW1(config-if-range)#

VTP Transparent
Switch>en
Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#hostname SW2
SW2(config)#vtp mode transparent
Setting device to VTP TRANSPARENT mode.
SW2(config)#vtp password cisco
%The VTP password cannot be set for NULL domain
SW2(config)#vtp domain tuit.uz
Changing VTP domain name from NULL to tuit.uz
SW2(config)#
SW2(config)#vlan 10
SW2(config-vlan)#name student
SW2(config-vlan)#exit
SW2(config)#vlan 20
SW2(config-vlan)#name kafedra
SW2(config-vlan)#exit
SW2(config)#vlan 30
SW2(config-vlan)#name test
SW2(config-vlan)#exit
SW2(config)#int ran g0/1-2
SW2(config-if-range)#switch mode trunk
SW2(config-if-range)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up
SW2(config-if-range)#

VTP clent
Switch>enable
Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#hostname SW3 SW3(config)#vtp mode clent
SW3(config)#vtp domain tuit.uz
Changing VTP domain name from tuit to tuit.uz
SW3(config)#
SW3(config)#vtp password cisco
Setting device VLAN database password to cisco
SW3(config)#int f0/1
SW3(config-if)#switch mode access
SW3(config-if)#switch access vlan 30
SW3(config-if)#exit
SW3(config)#int f0/2
SW3(config-if)#switch mode access
SW3(config-if)#switch access vlan 20
SW3(config-if)#exit
SW3(config)#int f0/3
SW3(config-if)#switch mode access
SW3(config-if)#switch access vlan 10
SW3(config-if)#exit
SW3(config)#