ABSTRAK
Sebuah novel klasik Amerika berjudul “The Adventures of Tom Sawyer”
karangan Samuel Langhorne Clemens bercerita tentang petualangan seorang anak
lelaki bernama Tom Sawyer dengan latar belakang kota St. Petersburg. Penelitian
ini menganalisis bagaimana karakter tokoh Tom
Sawyer digambarkan dalam
novel tersebut dan hubungannya dengan nilai-nilai moral yang terkandung di
dalamnya dengan menggunakan metode strukturalisme. Pengumpulan data
dilakukan dengan membaca secara intensif dan mencatat seluruh informasi yang
berhubungan dengan penelitian ini. Hasil
penelitian menyatakan bahwa
karakterisasi tokoh Tom Sawyer memakai metode langsung (telling) dan metode
tidak langsung (showing). Dan bahwa pemahaman terhadap karakter Tom Sawyer
membawa pembaca kepada tiga nilai moral yang bersumber pada karakter Tom
Sawyer tersebut yaitu : hati yang teguh, keberanian dan rasa tanggung jawab. Dari
ketiga nilai moral tersebut pembaca akan dapat melihat sosok Tom Sawyer secara
utuh, kadang dia adalah seorang anak yang nakal dan jahil, tapi di lain waktu dia
adalah seorang pemimpin yang mempunyai hati yang teguh, berani dan
bertanggung jawab.
Kata Kunci: Mark Twain,
Tom Sawyer, Strukturalisme, karakterisasi, nilai moral.
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INTRODUCTION
1.1. Background of the Study
The Adventure of Tom Sawyer
(TAoTS) was composed
by Samuel Langhorne
Clemens (1835 – 1910) or better known as Mark Twain in 1876 and first
published as World’s Classic paperback in 1993 (Stoneley, 2007). TAoTS tells
the story of a boy named Tom Sawyer living within the city of St. Petersburg on
the banks of the Mississippi Stream. Mark Twain tells the delinquency/naughty,
ingenuity, courage, anxiety, and fear of Tom throughout his adventure beautifully.
This story can make the reader remember their childhood memories which may be
full of delinquency and laughter.
Tom is an orphan who lives with his close relative, Aunt Polly, and his two
cousins, Sid and Mary. Tom and his companions once had made an uproar and
citizens sad because they thought the unfortunate boys dead drowned in the James
River. Also, Tom and Huck accidentally became witness to the murder of Doctor
Robinson that happened one night in the village cemetery.
At a picnic school in
the Mc Dougal cave, Tom and Beck Thatcher, a girl who becomes a fetish of his
hearts get lost and disappear for a few days. Hunger, fatigue, and fears captured
them before they finally find a blue dot that brought them out of the cave.
As a work of literature that has been widely read, the character of Tom
Sawyer can be used as a role model for children. Children need a role model that
is close to their everyday life. It can be taken in TAoTS, because in the TAoTS
Twain tells the story of what ever happened to him
and his friends during his
childhood. It’s about how they feel, think and speak and what problems they face.
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Therefore, a discussion of the character of Tom Sawyer and the moral value
contained in it become very important.
Nyoman Ratna (2003) stated that the research literature is important and
needs to be done because literature is a mirror of a social community at a time.
This is similar to that expressed by Irmaleni et al (2012), the study of literature is
a way of full and total comprehension understanding in literary works, especially
the novel.
In this study, the writer wants to analyze the intrinsic elements in
TAoTS. Sehandi (2014) stated that the intrinsic components incorporate plot,
characters, setting, theme, a point of view, moral value and style of language.
Through this research, the writer needs to analyze the character of Tom Sawyer in
TaoTS and how is the r
elationship between Tom Sawyer characterizations and the
moral value in
TAoTS.
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