Tezislər / Theses

THE 3
rd
 INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCES OF STUDENTS AND YOUNG RESEARCHERS 
dedicated to the 99
th
anniversary of the National Leader of Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev
343
In the case of using reproduced water in petroleum industry, there are 
some highly challenging faced issues not only in Azerbaijan, but also all over 
the world. However, with the intention of discussing the issues in Azerbaijan, 
the amount of carbon gas could be the first to emphasize. To put it simply, 
when the fluids come from reservoir that can be gas, water or oil is 
transferred to the surface of the Earth, the total pressure is decreased to 
initiate the water treatment which leads to generation of insoluble scale. In 
other words, the witnessed pressure decrease let the conversion of the 
bicarbonate that are soluble to the ionization of carbonate with carbon 
dioxide gas as shown below: 
2𝐻𝐶𝑂 → 𝐶𝑂
+ 𝐶𝑂 ↑ +𝐻 𝑂
Regarding this chemical reaction as carbon dioxide is released to the 
atmosphere, it culminates in being one of vital contributors as facilities used 
for water treatment is considered the main source of the gas of greenhouse 
emission. To clarify it, regarding the data, the total carbon emission by water 
plant had been only 54.87 thousand tons in only 2013 in Azerbaijan[1/CP.16 
of the Conference of Parties of UN Framework Convention on Climate 
Change, 2018]. To deal with this matter, EU4Environment guides an 
investment program named “Designing Green Public Investment Programme 
and Conducting Training in Azerbaijan” for Eastern Partnership countries in 
which Azerbaijan is among them in order to provide much greener and 
continuous advancement level in the field aimed for environmental objectives. 
The main intention of the program is to be a model in order to supply lower 
amount of carbon emission with MTEFs- Medium Term Expenditure 
Frameworks in water system[EU4Environment,2021]. Secondly, this process 
is extremely costly as in some areas the amount of total dissolved solids can 
be more than 0.25 Mppm- mega parts per million. In other words, in order to 
earn small amount of profits the cost per treatment of a barrel could be more 
than 2.5 dollars in the case of expenditure of disposal and hauling by 
operator and it can be highly unprofitable if the well that produces mature. 
However, Humidification-dehumidification Unit (HDH) has been invented in 
which the water treatment was achieved by using heat and active solar 
energy. In that case, as it uses low amount of electricity consumption, the 
total expense account for 2 dollars during co-operation. This device is able 
to proceed 50 barrels of water in a day by converting waste stream to 
concentrated waste with 19 percent effectiveness because of humidity and 
temperature. [Issah Abdallah, 2014] 
Taking everything into consideration, the calculation of water basins by 
petroleum industry, main approaches to the wasted water as well as 
challenges faced were discusses with their solution ways