Tezislər / Theses

 
 

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THE 3
rd
 INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCES OF STUDENTS AND YOUNG RESEARCHERS 
dedicated to the 99
th
anniversary of the National Leader of Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev
326
BOOSTING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE SOLAR PANEL THROUGH 
CREATING AN EFFECTIVE COOLING SYSTEM WITH PHASE 
CHANGE MATERIALS (PCM) 
Fatima Mammadova, Farid Aliyev, Faig Aliyev 
Baku Higher Oil School 
Baku, Azerbaijan 
[e-mail] 
Supervisor: Farad Kamyabi 
Key words:
 
phase change material, PV solar panels, fatty acids, salt hydrates, expanded 
graphite, polyethylene glycol 
Increased energy consumption and the depletion of fossil fuels have 
necessitated the usage of renewable energy sources for more sustainable 
development. [1] Renewable energy production is rapidly rising, but not 
quickly enough to meet this year's strong rebound in global energy demand, 
resulting in a dramatic increase in the usage of coal power, which risks 
driving carbon dioxide emissions from the electrical industry to record levels 
next year and in turn, it leads to the global warming. Global power demand 
is expected to rise by about 5% in 2021 and 4% in 2022. 
Solar energy is considered one of the essential sources of renewable 
energy. Solar PV is expected to develop rapidly over the next two years, 
increasing by 8% in 2021 and more than 6% in 2022. Solar panels, also 
known as photovoltaic panels, comprise many individual solar cells, also 
known as photovoltaic cells. Employing solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, solar 
radiation is transformed into electrical power with a conversion rate of 10-
16%. Gained energy can be utilized for various purposes (street lighting, 
heating systems, machine installations, charging of phones, cameras, 
signage, and many other energy driven devices) and the certain amount of 
the remaining radiation takes part in the heating process solar panels. [1].
Those mentioned above available photovoltaic modules' efficiency has 
been determined at 25
℃
. However, the decrement of efficiency by 0.4-0.6 % 
for each increased degree of solar panel temperature is observed. The 
average temperature of PV modules can reach up to 35
℃
in Azerbaijan and 
even exceed the ambient temperature, which dramatically affects the 
performance and the PV system's electrical efficiency. Several cooling 
techniques inhibit the temperature increase in the solar panel modules and 
enhance their productivity. Phase-change-materials (PCMs) that accumulate 
(store) thermal energy through phase change is one of the best options as 
passive cooling so that any supplementary power consumption is needed 
and can produce helpful heat at higher temperatures [3]. The viable choice 
for thermal energy storage is latent heat storage, which has a larger capacity 
than sensible heat. Therefore, in this process, mainly solid-liquid phase 

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