low, was once white with a deep front porch and green shutters, but had long ago
darkened to the color of the slate-gray yard around it. Rain-rotted shingles
drooped over the eaves of the veranda; oak trees kept the sun away. The remains
of a picket drunkenly guarded the front yard—a “swept” yard that was never
swept—where johnson grass and rabbit-tobacco grew in abundance.
Inside the house lived a malevolent phantom. People said he existed, but Jem
and I had never seen him. People said he went out at night when the moon was
down, and peeped in windows. When people’s azaleas froze in a cold snap, it
was because he had breathed on them. Any stealthy
small crimes committed in
Maycomb were his work. Once the town was terrorized by a series of morbid
nocturnal events: people’s chickens and household pets were found mutilated;
although the culprit was Crazy Addie, who eventually drowned himself in
Barker’s Eddy, people still looked at the Radley Place, unwilling to discard their
initial suspicions. A Negro would not pass the Radley Place at night, he would
cut across to the sidewalk opposite and whistle as he walked. The Maycomb
school grounds adjoined the back of the Radley lot; from the Radley chickenyard
tall pecan trees shook their
fruit into the schoolyard, but the nuts lay untouched
by the children: Radley pecans would kill you. A baseball hit into the Radley
yard was a lost ball and no questions asked.
The misery of that house began many years before Jem and I were born. The
Radleys, welcome anywhere in town, kept to themselves, a predilection
unforgivable in Maycomb. They did not go to church, Maycomb’s principal
recreation, but worshiped at home; Mrs. Radley seldom if ever crossed the street
for a mid-morning coffee break with her neighbors, and certainly never joined a
missionary circle. Mr. Radley walked to town at eleven-thirty
every morning and
came back promptly at twelve, sometimes carrying a brown paper bag that the
neighborhood assumed contained the family groceries. I never knew how old
Mr. Radley made his living—Jem said he “bought cotton,” a polite term for
doing nothing—but Mr. Radley and his wife had lived there with their two sons
as long as anybody could remember.
The shutters and doors of the Radley house were closed on Sundays, another
thing alien to Maycomb’s ways: closed doors meant illness and cold weather
only. Of all days Sunday was the day for formal afternoon visiting: ladies wore
corsets, men wore coats, children wore shoes. But to climb the Radley front
steps
and call, “He-y,” of a Sunday afternoon was something their neighbors
never did. The Radley house had no screen doors. I once asked Atticus if it ever
had any; Atticus said yes, but before I was born.
According to neighborhood legend, when the younger Radley boy was in his
teens he became acquainted with some of the Cunninghams from Old Sarum, an
enormous and confusing tribe domiciled in the northern part of the county, and
they formed the nearest thing to a gang ever seen in Maycomb. They did little,
but enough to be discussed by the town and publicly warned from three pulpits:
they hung around the barbershop; they rode the bus to Abbottsville on Sundays
and went to the picture show; they attended dances at the county’s
riverside
gambling hell, the Dew-Drop Inn & Fishing Camp; they experimented with
stumphole whiskey. Nobody in Maycomb had nerve enough to tell Mr. Radley
that his boy was in with the wrong crowd.
One night, in an excessive spurt of high spirits, the boys backed around the
square in a borrowed flivver, resisted arrest by Maycomb’s ancient beadle, Mr.
Conner, and locked him in the courthouse outhouse. The town decided
something had to be done; Mr. Conner said he knew who each and every one of
them was, and he was bound and determined they wouldn’t get away with it, so
the boys came before the probate judge on charges
of disorderly conduct,
disturbing the peace, assault and battery, and using abusive and profane
language in the presence and hearing of a female. The judge asked Mr. Conner
why he included the last charge; Mr. Conner said they cussed so loud he was
sure every lady in Maycomb heard them. The judge decided to send the boys to
the state industrial school, where boys were sometimes sent for no other reason
than to provide them with food and decent shelter: it was no prison and it was no
disgrace. Mr. Radley thought it was. If the judge released Arthur, Mr. Radley
would see to it that Arthur gave no further trouble. Knowing that Mr. Radley’s
word
was his bond, the judge was glad to do so.
The other boys attended the industrial school and received the best secondary
education to be had in the state; one of them eventually worked his way through
engineering school at Auburn. The doors of the Radley house were closed on
weekdays as well as Sundays, and Mr. Radley’s boy was not seen again for
fifteen years.
But there came a day, barely within Jem’s memory, when Boo Radley was
heard from and was seen by several people, but not by Jem. He said Atticus
never talked much about the Radleys: when Jem would question him Atticus’s
only answer was for him to mind his own business and let the Radleys mind
theirs, they had a right to; but when it happened Jem
said Atticus shook his head
and said, “Mm, mm, mm.”
So Jem received most of his information from Miss Stephanie Crawford, a
neighborhood scold, who said she knew the whole thing. According to Miss
Stephanie, Boo was sitting in the livingroom cutting some items from
The