Тошкент- 2014 m a s’ul m uharrir

16. Large cities o f Uzbekistan
T here are m any large historical cities in U zbekistan. T ashkent, S am arkand, 
B ukhara, K hiva, T erm e z and Shahrisabz.
T ashkent is the capital o f th e In d ep en d en t republic o f U zbekistan. It is very old 
city. It w as founded m ore th an 2000 years ago.
T h ere are several m u slim m o n u m en ts and historical buildings such as the 
K ukaldash m adrasah and the B arakhan m osque. W hich w ere built in the 16th century. 
T here are many new avenues, squares, high, buildings and fountains.
T ashkent is the E ducational and scien tific centre o f U zbekistan, w here there are 
a lot o f universities, institutes, schools and special secondary schools T ash k en t is a
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big cultural centre. W e can find num erous cinem as, theatres, m useum s and parks in 
the city. A num ber o f Sum m it talks have been held in T ashkent. A lot o f Em bassies 
o f m any international organizations, com panies and firm s have opened in the city. 
Sam arkand is one o f the m ost, ancient cities o f the w orld. S am arkand stood at the 
cross-roads o f caravan routes and played an im portant role in the econom ic ties o f the 
countries, o f the east. M any centuries ago it w as a centre o f ancient civilization. 
V isitors w ho com e to this city adm ire the artistic talent and ancient architect who 
created such am azing structures as the Shakhi - zinda ensem ble, the B ibikhanim
m osque the G ur A m ir m auseleum , the Ishrat-K hana m ouzeleum and U lu g ’bek 
observatory in R egistan square. T he population o f Sam arkand is m ore than 525.000 it 
is a m ultinational city occupies. Sam arkand is a m ajor scientific and industrial centre 
o f U zbekistan. It has a U niversity and seven other institutions o f higher learning, 
large research centres, m any plants and factories, libraries, m useum s and theatres.
B ukhara is one o f the ancient tow ns o f U zbekistan. P eriod o f its existence is 
m ore than 2000 years. T he outstanding poets Firdausi and R udaki, the fam ous scholar 
A bu Ali Ibn Sino and m any others lived and w orked there. T here are a lot o f ancient 
m onum ents in B ukhara.
Ismoil Sam oni M ausoleum , M agoki A ttori, M osque, M ausoleum o f Chashm ai 
- A yyub, U lu g ’bek M adrasah, Poikalon architectural E nsem ble, K alon m osque. T here 
are dosens o f industrial enterprises in the city.
The present populatin o f B ukhara is over 350.000. there are Institutes o f higher 
education and eleven technical schools. One m ore ancient tow n o f U zbekistan-K hiva 
lies thirty-tw o kilom eters from U rgench. K hiva w as in existence som ew here betw een 
the 6 ‘h-8 lh centuries.
In the m iddle o f the 16th century' it becam e the capital o f the K hiva. T here are 
m any unique m osques, m ausoleum s and m adrasahs in K hiva. Ichan K ala, the fully 
preserved m edieval citadel. D uring the golden age o f the G reat Silk R oad a m ajor 
stop for caravans and the trade centre the city is today a living m useum . K horezm
traders w ere respected as brilliant m erchants and patrons o f science and the arts.
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T h ere is a research design institute an d a n um ber o f restoration w orkshops in 
U zbekistan.