The DataSheet of CH340 (the first) 5
7. Application
7.1. USB convert 9-wire serial interface
(the following image)
The following image is using CH340T to realize USB convert RS232 serial interface. CH340 supplies
common serial interface signal and MODEM signal, changes TTL serial interface to RS232 serial interface
through level convert circuit U8. Endpoint P11 is DB9 needle, the pin and its function is the same as
common nine needles serial interface of computer. The similar with U8 is MAX213/ADM213/SP213 etc.
Take the U8 and C46/C47/C48.C49/C40 out when only realize USB convert to TTL serial interface.
The signal wire in the image can only connect RXD、TXD and public ground, the other signal wire can
suspend when not use.
P2 is USB endpoint. USB bus contains a pair of 5V power wire and a pair of data signal wire. Usually,
the +5V power wire is red, the black is ground. D+ signal wire is green and the D- signal wire is white. The
max source current of USB bus is up to 500mA. In generally, CH340 and low power exhaust USB product
can directly use the 5V power supplied by USB bus. If the USB product supplies stock power by other
manner, CH340 must use this stock power. If the USB bus power and stock power are necessary at the same
time, connect a 1Ω resistor between USB bus 5V power wire and USB product 5V stock power, and connect
the two power wires’ ground wire directly.
The capacitance of C8 varies from 4700pF to 0.02uF, used to internal power node decoupling of CH340.
The C9 is 0.1uF, used to external power decoupling. Crystal X2、capacitance C6 and C7 are used to clock
surge circuit. The X2 is 12MHz quartz crystal, C6 and C7 are monolithic or high frequency stoneware
capacitance with 22pF. If X2 is ceramic with low cost, C6 and C7 must use the recommend value of crystal
manufacturer and generally is 47pF.
When designing the PCB, pay much attention to some notes: decoupling capacitance C8 and C9 must
keep near to connection pin of CH340; makes sure D+ and D- are parallel and supply ground net or pour
copper beside them to decrease the disturbance from outside signal; the relevant signal between XI and XO
must be kept as short as possible. In order to lessen the high frequency disturbance, play ground net or pour
copper to the relative equipment.
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