Variability of indicators of physical fitness of adolescent schoolchildren living in urban and rural areas

Variability of indicators of physical fitness of adolescent schoolchildren living in urban and rural areas

Yusupova M.A.

Teacher of the Department of theory and methods of gymnastics UZGUFKS


Annotation: Morphological research methods, as well as pedagogical testing methods, have been applied to conduct a comparative assessment of the variability of indicators of physical development and physical fitness of adolescent schoolchildren living in urban and rural areas. Differences in indicators of physical development and the level of physical fitness between schoolchildren living in rural and urban areas have been revealed. It has been established that living conditions, features of motor activity, the performance of many types of activities in conditions of hypokinesia, the nature of physical exertion affect not only body parameters, but also the level of physical fitness of schoolchildren.


Relevance: The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified the prevention of obesity in children and adolescents as one of its key priorities in the 21st century; motor behavior plays a key role in this. In this regard, WHO has presented global recommendations on physical activity, sedentary lifestyle and behavior of children and adolescents. Initial data collected from 25 countries show that only 15% of preschoolers follow all three rules of daily movement. This exposes the remaining 85% who do not comply with all three recommendations to an increased risk of deteriorating health and developmental outcomes and potentially lower human capital development. For these reasons, it is important to collect international surveillance data in a timely manner using new developments of WHO global recommendations. This will allow us to obtain the first such international data on the prevention of obesity in children and adolescents and ensure that they reach their development potential. According to V.A. Puzyrinin, S.V. Kaznacheeva, 2010 it is this approach in the educational process that determines the orientation of the entire system, which is potentially embedded in the subject "Physical culture". According to the author, the successful development of society can be carried out under the condition of fundamental education, democratization and humanization of all its foundations [8]. It is no secret that the formulation of physical education in educational institutions needs to be revised. This is confirmed by the data of a number of studies indicating an unsatisfactory state of health and physical condition of a significant part of modern schoolchildren.
In order to increase the effectiveness of physical fitness indicators in modern schoolchildren of Uzbekistan, the intergroup variability of morphological characteristics of the physique was studied, and on the basis of functional indicators, an assessment of the health status of schoolchildren aged 13, 14, 15.16 years was carried out. Low indicators were found in the majority of schoolchildren of the vital index associated with the activity of the respiratory system, according to the Robertson index (IR) reflecting the activity of the informative cardiovascular system, whose indicators were characterized by low or below average values. The deterioration in the state of health and low physical fitness of adolescent schoolchildren is associated with the following factors: unfavorable environmental conditions, especially in the Khorezm and Kashkadarya regions), irrational organization of the educational process in school institutions, low level of physical activity, since even two lessons per week of physical education lessons are insufficient for physical activity, limiting the possibility of conducting additional classes in schools to promote health and improve physical fitness and prevent colds. In this regard, we have developed an experimental program that outlines scientific and methodological support for the organization of health improvement, hardening, and improvement of physical fitness of adolescent schoolchildren living in various regions of the republic. The development of physical culture and sports among children and adolescents is a priority in the Republic of Uzbekistan and the urgent problem is not developing, but improving physical culture. This determines the need to develop modern information technologies based on the study of the health status of the younger generation. To improve health indicators, as well as increase the level of physical fitness, we have developed an experimental program of breathing exercises used during morning exercise every morning, as well as to develop the level of physical fitness in additional physical education classes. In solving this problem, an important role is played by the creation of a system for monitoring the health of children and adolescents in order to make timely decisions on preventive and wellness measures.