Variability of indicators of physical fitness of adolescent schoolchildren living in urban and rural areas

The degree of study of the problem: The analysis of scientific and methodological literature has revealed that constant dynamic observations - monitoring of the physical condition of the population is necessary for the prevention and promotion of health by means of physical culture, require methodological, organizational and information support. Considering that in pedagogical practice puberty is characterized psychologically by a change in the behavior of schoolchildren aged 14-16, it is of interest to assess somatic health and the formation of improvement of physical qualities - speed, strength, endurance, dexterity, coordination abilities, speed and strength qualities [3; 8; 7]. This proposed study is innovative, as it will allow updating the age and sex standards characteristic of schoolchildren living in various regions of Uzbekistan. To date, no uniform periodization has been established in the development of physical fitness, somatic, and functional functions for puberty schoolchildren. Until now, health is considered as a kind of stable state, when all morpho-functional systems clearly perform all functions in strict accordance with certain patterns, which allows them to be characterized by methods of mathematical statistics [4; 5; 6; 8; 9]. Thus, it is necessary to substantiate the criteria of general physical fitness (end-to-end tests) and control of current and long-term adaptation to training loads in adolescent schoolchildren living in various regional conditions.
The purpose of the study: The dynamics of changes in the indicators of physical fitness of schoolchildren aged 15-16 years under the influence of the effects of a training orientation living in urban and rural areas.
Methods and organization of research: 46 schoolchildren aged 15-16 years old, living in urban and rural conditions, participated in this study. The indicators of physical fitness of schoolchildren studying at school No. 23 in Karshi and 25 schoolchildren living in rural areas – the village of Nekuz in Kashkadarya region (25 schoolchildren) were taken as the compared groups. To improve health indicators, as well as increase the level of physical fitness, we have developed an experimental program of breathing exercises used during morning exercise every morning, as well as additional physical education classes aimed at developing general physical qualities to increase the level of physical fitness. The following tests were used as tests evaluating physical qualities: the speed qualities were evaluated according to the test – running at 30 m; strength qualities – according to the tests, flexion and extension of the arms in the prone position and pulling up on the crossbar; Speed and strength qualities - long jump from a place (cm), triple jump; dexterity – rope climbing; The results were processed by methods of mathematical statistics.